Browse the corpus

Index Note: Page numbers followed by f and t denote figure and table, respectively. Benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo (BPPV), 22-24, Q105 Test questions are indicated by Q. Benzodiazepines, 30, 50, 79t, 84t Benzonatate, for cough, 21 A Betahistine, for Meniere disease, 24 Abacavir, 104t Biases, 10t, Q6 Absolute risk (AR), 10t Biceps tendinitis, 55 Absolute risk reduction (ARR), 10t, 11 Bile acid sequestrants, 68t Abuse, mandatory reporting of, 14 Biliary cholangitis, 72 Acamprosate, for alcohol use disorders, 81, 83t Binge eating, 87, Q26 Acceptance and commitment therapy, 76t Bipolar disorder, 75t, 78, Q53 ACE inhibitors, adverse effects of, 19 Bisacodyl, for constipation, 49 Acetaminophen, for pain management, 42 Bladder training, 97t, 98, Q97 Achilles tendon rupture, 66 Blood pressure, in metabolic syndrome, 73t Acoustic neuroma, 23 Body image disorders, 87 Acromioclavicular joint degeneration, 57, 57f Bordetella pertussis, 19 Acromioclavicular pathology, 55 Botulinum toxin, for urge incontinence, 98 Actinic purpura, 100, 100f, QU10 Breast cancer, genetic counseling, Q73 Activities of daily living (AOLs), 89, 90t, 94 Bronchitis, 19, 21, Q55 Acupuncture, 41, 53 Bulimia nervosa, 87 Acute musculoskeletal pain, 50-51 Bunion deformity, 66, Q16 Acute pancreatitis, 67 Buprenorphine, 85t Adhesive capsulitis, 55, 57 Buprenorphine-naloxone, 85t Adjustment disorder with depressed mood, 76 Bupropion, 76, 77t, 82t. 89 Administrative burdens, 3 Burnout, physician, 18 Advance care planning, 16, Q58 Bursitis, 58, 63-64, Q30 Air travel, in-flight emergencies, 39-40 Buspirone, for GAD, 79t Alcohol intake, 67, 81-82, 82t Buttock pain, 61 Alcohol use disorder, 81, 82t, 83t, Q61 Alcohol withdrawal, 84t, Q44 c Alcoholic hallucinosis, 81-82 C sign, 60f Allopurinol, 104t, QU3 Calcaneus, 65, Q104 Alprazolam, 79t Canalith repositioning, 24, Q105 Aminotransferase tests, Q94 Cancer pain, management of, 45-46 Amlodipine, edema and, Q3 Cannabis, 42, 83-85, Q101 Amphetamine, for ADHD, 89 Carbamazepine, 78, 104t Angle-closure glaucoma, 98 Cardiac monitoring, Q14 Ankle pain, 65-66 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, 27, Q107 Anorexia, symptom management, 49 Cardiovascular disease, risk reduction, Q96 Anserine bursa, 64f Cardiovascular syncope, 37 Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, 63 Carotid hypersensitivity, 38 Anterior drawer test, 62t, 63 Carotid sinus massage, 38 Anticholinergic agents, contraindications, 98 Carpal tunnel syndrome, 59 Anticonvulsants, for GAD, 79t Case reports, evidence from, 5 Antidepressants, 42, 77, 77t Case-control studies, 7t, Q6 Antihistamines, 19, 79t Cauda equina syndrome, 52t, Q92 Antipsychotic medications, 88t, Q23 Central sensitization, 35t Anxiety, in palliative care patients, 50 Central vertigo, 24, Q17 Anxiety disorders, 78-80 Cervical myelopathy, 54, Q39 Aripiprazole, 78, 88t Cervical nerve root compression, 54f Arterial insufficiency ulcers, 33t Cervical radiculopathy, 55, Q82 Aspirin for venous stasis ulcers, 34 Chaperones, 12 Assisted living facilities, 94 Child abuse, mandatory reporting of, 14 Asteatotic eczema, 99 Chlordiazepoxide, symptom-triggered, Q44 Asthma, cough-variant, 27 Chlorpromazine, adverse effects of, 88t Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), 66, 69-70, Q24, Q46 Cholesterol-lowering drugs, 68t Atomozetine, for ADHD, 89 Choosing Wisely campaign, 2 Atorvastatin, 68t, Q46 Chronic exertional compartment syndrome, 64 Atrophic skin, 100f Chronic pain, 40, Q1 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 88-89 Chronic venous insufficiency, 32, 33t, Q69 Atypical antidepressants, adverse effects of, 77t Citalopram, 77t AUDIT-Consumption, 81 Clinical decision making, 2 Autism spectrum disorder, 89 Clinical significance, definition of, 8 Autonomy, principle of, 11-12, 12t Clopidogrel, 104t Avascular necrosis, 60 Clostridioides difficile colitis, 19 Azapirones, for GAD, 79t Clozapine, 88, 88t Cluster randomized trials, 6t B Cocaine, 85 Baker cysts, 64-65, 64f Codeine, 21, 104t “Bath salts,” 85 Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), 76t Behavioral therapy, 96, Q76 for ADHD, 89 Beneficence, principle of, 11-12, 12t for depression, Q56

Note: Page numbers followed by f and t denote figure and table, respectively. Benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo (BPPV), 22-24, Q105 Test questions are indicated by Q. Benzodiazepines, 30, 50, 79t, 84t Benzonatate, for cough, 21 A Betahistine, for Meniere disease, 24 Abacavir, 104t Biases, 10t, Q6 Absolute risk (AR), 10t Biceps tendinitis, 55 Absolute risk reduction (ARR), 10t, 11 Bile acid sequestrants, 68t Abuse, mandatory reporting of, 14 Biliary cholangitis, 72 Acamprosate, for alcohol use disorders, 81, 83t Binge eating, 87, Q26 Acceptance and commitment therapy, 76t Bipolar disorder, 75t, 78, Q53 ACE inhibitors, adverse effects of, 19 Bisacodyl, for constipation, 49 Acetaminophen, for pain management, 42 Bladder training, 97t, 98, Q97 Achilles tendon rupture, 66 Blood pressure, in metabolic syndrome, 73t Acoustic neuroma, 23 Body image disorders, 87 Acromioclavicular joint degeneration, 57, 57f Bordetella pertussis, 19 Acromioclavicular pathology, 55 Botulinum toxin, for urge incontinence, 98 Actinic purpura, 100, 100f, QU10 Breast cancer, genetic counseling, Q73 Activities of daily living (AOLs), 89, 90t, 94 Bronchitis, 19, 21, Q55 Acupuncture, 41, 53 Bulimia nervosa, 87 Acute musculoskeletal pain, 50-51 Bunion deformity, 66, Q16 Acute pancreatitis, 67 Buprenorphine, 85t Adhesive capsulitis, 55, 57 Buprenorphine-naloxone, 85t Adjustment disorder with depressed mood, 76 Bupropion, 76, 77t, 82t. 89 Administrative burdens, 3 Burnout, physician, 18 Advance care planning, 16, Q58 Bursitis, 58, 63-64, Q30 Air travel, in-flight emergencies, 39-40 Buspirone, for GAD, 79t Alcohol intake, 67, 81-82, 82t Buttock pain, 61 Alcohol use disorder, 81, 82t, 83t, Q61 Alcohol withdrawal, 84t, Q44 c Alcoholic hallucinosis, 81-82 C sign, 60f Allopurinol, 104t, QU3 Calcaneus, 65, Q104 Alprazolam, 79t Canalith repositioning, 24, Q105 Aminotransferase tests, Q94 Cancer pain, management of, 45-46 Amlodipine, edema and, Q3 Cannabis, 42, 83-85, Q101 Amphetamine, for ADHD, 89 Carbamazepine, 78, 104t Angle-closure glaucoma, 98 Cardiac monitoring, Q14 Ankle pain, 65-66 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, 27, Q107 Anorexia, symptom management, 49 Cardiovascular disease, risk reduction, Q96 Anserine bursa, 64f Cardiovascular syncope, 37 Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, 63 Carotid hypersensitivity, 38 Anterior drawer test, 62t, 63 Carotid sinus massage, 38 Anticholinergic agents, contraindications, 98 Carpal tunnel syndrome, 59 Anticonvulsants, for GAD, 79t Case reports, evidence from, 5 Antidepressants, 42, 77, 77t Case-control studies, 7t, Q6 Antihistamines, 19, 79t Cauda equina syndrome, 52t, Q92 Antipsychotic medications, 88t, Q23 Central sensitization, 35t Anxiety, in palliative care patients, 50 Central vertigo, 24, Q17 Anxiety disorders, 78-80 Cervical myelopathy, 54, Q39 Aripiprazole, 78, 88t Cervical nerve root compression, 54f Arterial insufficiency ulcers, 33t Cervical radiculopathy, 55, Q82 Aspirin for venous stasis ulcers, 34 Chaperones, 12 Assisted living facilities, 94 Child abuse, mandatory reporting of, 14 Asteatotic eczema, 99 Chlordiazepoxide, symptom-triggered, Q44 Asthma, cough-variant, 27 Chlorpromazine, adverse effects of, 88t Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), 66, 69-70, Q24, Q46 Cholesterol-lowering drugs, 68t Atomozetine, for ADHD, 89 Choosing Wisely campaign, 2 Atorvastatin, 68t, Q46 Chronic exertional compartment syndrome, 64 Atrophic skin, 100f Chronic pain, 40, Q1 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 88-89 Chronic venous insufficiency, 32, 33t, Q69 Atypical antidepressants, adverse effects of, 77t Citalopram, 77t AUDIT-Consumption, 81 Clinical decision making, 2 Autism spectrum disorder, 89 Clinical significance, definition of, 8 Autonomy, principle of, 11-12, 12t Clopidogrel, 104t Avascular necrosis, 60 Clostridioides difficile colitis, 19 Azapirones, for GAD, 79t Clozapine, 88, 88t Cluster randomized trials, 6t B Cocaine, 85 Baker cysts, 64-65, 64f Codeine, 21, 104t “Bath salts,” 85 Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), 76t Behavioral therapy, 96, Q76 for ADHD, 89 Beneficence, principle of, 11-12, 12t for depression, Q56 191

Index Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Continued) management of, 48-49, Q80 for eating disorders, 87 pulmonary rehabilitation for, Q8 for insomnia, 29-30, Q12 refractory, Q80 for medically unexplained symptoms, Q10 Dysrhythmia, eating disorders and, 87 for pain management, 41, 53 Dysthymia, symptom criteria for, 75-76 for SEID, 29 Cognitive function screening, 90-91, Q15 E Cognitive therapy, 76t Eating disorders, 87, Q26. See also Anorexia; Binge eating Cohort studies, features of, 7t E-cigarettes, 81 Collaboration, patient-physician relationships and, 12 Ecological studies, 7t Communications Eczema craquelé, 99 advance care planning, Q58 Edema, lower extremity, 32-34, 33t on risk-enhancing factors, 70t Elbow problems, 58-59, Q30 safeguards in, 13t Elder abuse, 14, 92-93, Q62 with seriously ill patients, 47-48, 48t Electrolyte disorders, 87 Compression fractures, 52t Electronic communications, 12 Compression therapy. 34, Q27, Q69 Electronic medical records (EHRs), 12 Compressive cervical myopathy, 54 Emesis, posttussive, 19 Confidence intervals (P values), 8 Empty can test, 56t Confidentiality, patient autonomy and, 14 End-of-life care, 17, Q54 Conflicts, patient-physician, 13 Enemas, for constipation, 49 Conflicts of interest, professionalism and, 17-18 Ephelides, 100 Confounders, 8, Q6 Epicondylitis, 58 Constipation, 49, Q112 Epidural abscesses, 54 Conversion disorder, 86 Epigenetics, 105 COPD, oxygen therapy for, 27 Epley maneuver, 24, 25f Cough, 19-21, Q37, Q55, Q71, Q75 Escitalopram, 77t, 79t Cross-sectional studies, 7t Esketamine, for depression, 77, Q13 Cryotherapy, intermittent, 65 Estazolam, for insomnia, 31t Cyclothymic disorder, 78 Eszopiclone, for insomnia, 30, 31t Cytomegalovirus, cough related to, 21 Ethical principles, 11-18, Q49 Evidence, quality of. 3, 5f D Evidence-based medicine, 10t DASH diet, 67 Exercise testing in dyspnea, Q107 Decision-making capacity, 14, 15t, 16, Q33, Q87 Exercise therapy, 53, Q4, Q72, Q91, Q96 Deep venous thrombosis, 33t, Q42 Experimental studies, 4-5, 6t Delirium, 50, Q54 External validity, 8, 10t, Q106 Depression Eye examinations, 89 CBT for, Q56 Ezetimbe, 68t, 70, 71t esketamine for, Q13 evaluation of, Q83 F pain symptoms and, 42 FABER test, 61, 61f screening for, 90, Q1 Factitious disorder, 86 in serious illness, 50, Q9 FADIR test, 61, Q21 Depressive disorders, 73-78, 76t Fall prevention, 91, 92f, Q64, Q68 De Quervain stenosing tenosynovitis, 59, 59f Familial hypercholesterolemia, 67, Q109 Dermal atrophy, 100 Family history, 101-102, 102f Desipramine, for pain management, 42 Fasting glucose, in metabolic syndrome, 73t Desvenlafaxine, 77t Fatigue, 27-29, 28t Dexmedetomidine, 84t Femoroacetabular impingement, 60 Dextromethorphan, for cough, 21 Fentanyl, for palliative care, 46t Diabetes mellitus, 67, Q2 Fentanyl, transdermal, 43 Diagnostic errors, 2-3, 4t, Q66 Fibrates, 68t Diagnostic reasoning, 2-3, 2f Finkelstein test, 59f Diagnostic tests, 2-3, 9t, 1f Fluoroquinolones, 104t Diclofenac, for pain management, 42 Fluoxetine, 77t, 78, Q25 Diphenhydramine, fall risk and, Q64 Fluphenazine, adverse effects of, 88t Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genomic testing, 104-105 Flurazepam, for insomnia, 31t Discontinuation syndrome, 77 Fluvastatin, for dyslipidemias, 68t Discriminatory behavior, 13, 14f, Q45 Fluvoxamine, 77t Disequilibrium, 24-26 Foot pain, 65-66, Q16 Diskitis, 54 Foot ulcers, 32, 33t Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament injuries. 65 Forefoot pain, 66 Disulfiram, for alcohol use disorders, 83t FRAIL scale, 94t Dix-Hallpike maneuver, 23f, 24t Frailty assessments, 93-94, 94t, Q88 Dizziness, 21-24, QI7, Q95 Functional status assessments, 89 Doscusate, for constipation, 49 Functional urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q40 Doxepin, for insomnia, 31t, Q67 Fungal infections, cough related to, 21 Driving skills, 91-92, Q43 Drop arm test, 56t G Drug abuse, 83-85 Gabapentin, 21, 53, 54, 84t, Q37 Dryness, skin, 99 Gabapentinoids, adverse effects of, 42 Duloxetine, 42, 53, 77t, 79t Ganglion cysts, 59, 59f Durable power of attorney for health care, 16 Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 21, 26t, 27 Dyslipidemia, 66-73 Gender, depressive disorders and, 73 management of, 67-72, 71t, Q23, Q94, Q109 Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), 78-79, 79t, Q59, Q85 risk-enhancing factors, 70t Genetic counseling, Q73 in special populations, 72 Genetic testing, 101-105, 103t, Ql13 statin-resistant, Q86 Genetics, 101-105 Dyspnea, 26-27 Genomics, 101-105 causes of, 26t Geriatric medicine, 89-101 exercise testing in, Q107 assessments, 89-93, Q88

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Continued) management of, 48-49, Q80 for eating disorders, 87 pulmonary rehabilitation for, Q8 for insomnia, 29-30, Q12 refractory, Q80 for medically unexplained symptoms, Q10 Dysrhythmia, eating disorders and, 87 for pain management, 41, 53 Dysthymia, symptom criteria for, 75-76 for SEID, 29 Cognitive function screening, 90-91, Q15 E Cognitive therapy, 76t Eating disorders, 87, Q26. See also Anorexia; Binge eating Cohort studies, features of, 7t E-cigarettes, 81 Collaboration, patient-physician relationships and, 12 Ecological studies, 7t Communications Eczema craquelé, 99 advance care planning, Q58 Edema, lower extremity, 32-34, 33t on risk-enhancing factors, 70t Elbow problems, 58-59, Q30 safeguards in, 13t Elder abuse, 14, 92-93, Q62 with seriously ill patients, 47-48, 48t Electrolyte disorders, 87 Compression fractures, 52t Electronic communications, 12 Compression therapy. 34, Q27, Q69 Electronic medical records (EHRs), 12 Compressive cervical myopathy, 54 Emesis, posttussive, 19 Confidence intervals (P values), 8 Empty can test, 56t Confidentiality, patient autonomy and, 14 End-of-life care, 17, Q54 Conflicts, patient-physician, 13 Enemas, for constipation, 49 Conflicts of interest, professionalism and, 17-18 Ephelides, 100 Confounders, 8, Q6 Epicondylitis, 58 Constipation, 49, Q112 Epidural abscesses, 54 Conversion disorder, 86 Epigenetics, 105 COPD, oxygen therapy for, 27 Epley maneuver, 24, 25f Cough, 19-21, Q37, Q55, Q71, Q75 Escitalopram, 77t, 79t Cross-sectional studies, 7t Esketamine, for depression, 77, Q13 Cryotherapy, intermittent, 65 Estazolam, for insomnia, 31t Cyclothymic disorder, 78 Eszopiclone, for insomnia, 30, 31t Cytomegalovirus, cough related to, 21 Ethical principles, 11-18, Q49 Evidence, quality of. 3, 5f D Evidence-based medicine, 10t DASH diet, 67 Exercise testing in dyspnea, Q107 Decision-making capacity, 14, 15t, 16, Q33, Q87 Exercise therapy, 53, Q4, Q72, Q91, Q96 Deep venous thrombosis, 33t, Q42 Experimental studies, 4-5, 6t Delirium, 50, Q54 External validity, 8, 10t, Q106 Depression Eye examinations, 89 CBT for, Q56 Ezetimbe, 68t, 70, 71t esketamine for, Q13 evaluation of, Q83 F pain symptoms and, 42 FABER test, 61, 61f screening for, 90, Q1 Factitious disorder, 86 in serious illness, 50, Q9 FADIR test, 61, Q21 Depressive disorders, 73-78, 76t Fall prevention, 91, 92f, Q64, Q68 De Quervain stenosing tenosynovitis, 59, 59f Familial hypercholesterolemia, 67, Q109 Dermal atrophy, 100 Family history, 101-102, 102f Desipramine, for pain management, 42 Fasting glucose, in metabolic syndrome, 73t Desvenlafaxine, 77t Fatigue, 27-29, 28t Dexmedetomidine, 84t Femoroacetabular impingement, 60 Dextromethorphan, for cough, 21 Fentanyl, for palliative care, 46t Diabetes mellitus, 67, Q2 Fentanyl, transdermal, 43 Diagnostic errors, 2-3, 4t, Q66 Fibrates, 68t Diagnostic reasoning, 2-3, 2f Finkelstein test, 59f Diagnostic tests, 2-3, 9t, 1f Fluoroquinolones, 104t Diclofenac, for pain management, 42 Fluoxetine, 77t, 78, Q25 Diphenhydramine, fall risk and, Q64 Fluphenazine, adverse effects of, 88t Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genomic testing, 104-105 Flurazepam, for insomnia, 31t Discontinuation syndrome, 77 Fluvastatin, for dyslipidemias, 68t Discriminatory behavior, 13, 14f, Q45 Fluvoxamine, 77t Disequilibrium, 24-26 Foot pain, 65-66, Q16 Diskitis, 54 Foot ulcers, 32, 33t Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament injuries. 65 Forefoot pain, 66 Disulfiram, for alcohol use disorders, 83t FRAIL scale, 94t Dix-Hallpike maneuver, 23f, 24t Frailty assessments, 93-94, 94t, Q88 Dizziness, 21-24, QI7, Q95 Functional status assessments, 89 Doscusate, for constipation, 49 Functional urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q40 Doxepin, for insomnia, 31t, Q67 Fungal infections, cough related to, 21 Driving skills, 91-92, Q43 Drop arm test, 56t G Drug abuse, 83-85 Gabapentin, 21, 53, 54, 84t, Q37 Dryness, skin, 99 Gabapentinoids, adverse effects of, 42 Duloxetine, 42, 53, 77t, 79t Ganglion cysts, 59, 59f Durable power of attorney for health care, 16 Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 21, 26t, 27 Dyslipidemia, 66-73 Gender, depressive disorders and, 73 management of, 67-72, 71t, Q23, Q94, Q109 Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), 78-79, 79t, Q59, Q85 risk-enhancing factors, 70t Genetic counseling, Q73 in special populations, 72 Genetic testing, 101-105, 103t, Ql13 statin-resistant, Q86 Genetics, 101-105 Dyspnea, 26-27 Genomics, 101-105 causes of, 26t Geriatric medicine, 89-101 exercise testing in, Q107 assessments, 89-93, Q88 192

Index CBT for insomnia in, Q12 K depression screening in, Q83 Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, 90t dermatologic conditions, 99-101 Kidney disease, features of, 33t driving skills evaluation, Q43 Knee pain, 61-65, 62t, Q28, Q50, Q102 levels of care, 94-95 medication management, 95 L screening for cognitive impairment in, QI5 Labral tears, 55, 57, 60, Q79 sleep disorders, 95 Labyrinthitis, 22-24, QU4 urinary incontinence, 95-98 Lachman test, 62t, 63 Gifts, conflicts of interest, 18, 18t Lamotrigine, for bipolar disorder, 78 Glenohumeral joint pathology, 55 Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, 90t Glucocorticoids, 19, 21, 53, 73 LDL cholesterol levels, 67 Goals of care, patient autonomy and, Q87 Leg pain, 61-65, Q42 Goodpasture syndrome, 21 Leg ulcers, 32, 33t Gouty bursitis, 63 Lemborexant (Dayvigo), 31t Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 21 Levels of care, 94-95 Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), 60, QU1L Lhermitte sign, 54 Guaifenesin, for cough, 21 Lifestyle changes cardiovascular disease risk reduction, Q96 H for dyslipidemias, 67 Hallucinogen use disorder, 85 for hypertriglyceridemia, 71-72. Q60 Hallux, 66 for metabolic syndrome, 73, Q72 Haloperidol, adverse effects of, 88t Likelihood ratios (LRs), 8-11, 9t, 10t Hamate fractures, 59 Lipedema, features of, 33t Hammertoe deformities, 66 Lipid levels, evaluation of, 66-67 Hand pain, 59 Lisdexamfetamine, for binge eating, 87. Q26 Handheld fans, for dyspnea, Q80 Lisinopril, cough related to, Q75 Hawkins test, 56t Lithium, for bipolar disorder, 78 HDL cholesterol levels, 67, 73t. See also Dyslipidemia Liver disease, 33t, 70-71 Hearing, evaluation of, 90 Liver spots, 100 Heart failure, features of, 33t Living wills, 16 Hemoptysis, 21 Lorazepam, 79t, Q41, Q54 Hepatopulmonary syndrome, 27 Lovastatin, for dyslipidemia, 68t Herpesvirus, cough related to, 21 Low back pain, 51-53 Heterogeneity, meta-analysis limitations, 8, 42, Q20 cauda equina syndrome and, Q92 High-frequency neurostimulation, 41-42 diagnoses causing, 52t Hindfoot pain, 65-66, Q104 evaluation of, Q78 HINTS assessment, 22, 22t management of, Q4, Q47 Hip pain, 60-61, 60t, Q7, Q21, QU1 neurologic deficits in, 52t Honey, for coughs, 19 osteomyelitis and, Q57 Hospice care, 50 patient education in, Q99 Human Genome Project, 101 Lower extremity disorders, 60-66 Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test, 93 Lower extremity edema, 32-34, 33t, Q3 Hydrocodone, for palliative care, 46t Lower extremity ulcers, 33t Hydrocolloid dressings, 99 Lumbar radiculopathy, 61 Hydromorphone, 46t, Q38 Lymphedema, 33t Hydroxyzine, for GAD, 79t Hypertriglyceridemia, 67, 71-72, Q60 M Hypothyroidism, 33t, 67 Major depressive disorder (MDD), 74-75, 74t, Q13, Q25, QLOO Hypoxemia, oxygen therapy for, 27 Malingering, 86 Marijuana use, 84 I Massage, 41, 53 Icosapent ethyl, 68t, 71t, 72 McMurray maneuver, 62t Iliotibial band syndrome, 64, Q28 Meclizine, fall risk and, Q68 Illness anxiety disorder, 86 Medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears, 63 Immunocompromised patients, cough in, 21 Medial tibial stress syndrome, 64 Impingement syndrome, 55 Medial-lateral grind test, 62t. 63 Incontinence Questions, 96, 97f Median nerve compression, 59 Industry relations, conflicts of interest and, 18, 18t Medical errors, disclosure of, 16-17 Infectious diseases, mandatory reporting of, 14 Medical ethics, basic principles of, 11-12 In-flight emergencies, 39-40 Medical literature, study designs, 3-4 Informed consent, patient autonomy and, 14-16 Medical orders for life-sustaining treatment (MOLST), 48 Inguinal hernia, 60, 61 Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), 34-36, 36t, Q1O, Q63, Q77 Insomnia, 29-32 Medicare and Medicaid, 94 behavioral therapy for, Q76 Mediterranean diet, 67 chronic, Q67 Meniere disease, 22-24, Q95 cognitive behavioral therapy for, Q12 Meniscal tears, 63, Q102 drug treatments for, 31t, 32t, Q67 Meralgia paresthetica, 60-61 Insomnia Severity Index, 29 Meta-analyses, 5-8, Q20 Insulin resistance syndrome, 73 Metabolic syndrome, 73, 73t, Q72 Interdigital nerve injury, 66 Metatarsals, stress fractures, 65 Internal medicine, 1-2, 1t, 10t Methadone, 43, 46, 46t, 85t Internal rotation lag sign, 56t Methamphetamines, 85 Internal validity, 8 Methylphenidate, for ADHD, 89 Interpersonal therapy, 76t Midfoot pain, 66 Interventions Mini-Cog test, 91, QI5S requests for, 16 Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 91 value of, 1-2, 1t Mixed urinary incontinence, 97t Ipratropium. for cough, 19 Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). 91 Mood disorders, 27-29, 73-78, 74t J Moral distress, physician, 18 Justice, principle of, 12, 12t Morphine, 46t, QI8

CBT for insomnia in, Q12 K depression screening in, Q83 Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, 90t dermatologic conditions, 99-101 Kidney disease, features of, 33t driving skills evaluation, Q43 Knee pain, 61-65, 62t, Q28, Q50, Q102 levels of care, 94-95 medication management, 95 L screening for cognitive impairment in, QI5 Labral tears, 55, 57, 60, Q79 sleep disorders, 95 Labyrinthitis, 22-24, QU4 urinary incontinence, 95-98 Lachman test, 62t, 63 Gifts, conflicts of interest, 18, 18t Lamotrigine, for bipolar disorder, 78 Glenohumeral joint pathology, 55 Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, 90t Glucocorticoids, 19, 21, 53, 73 LDL cholesterol levels, 67 Goals of care, patient autonomy and, Q87 Leg pain, 61-65, Q42 Goodpasture syndrome, 21 Leg ulcers, 32, 33t Gouty bursitis, 63 Lemborexant (Dayvigo), 31t Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 21 Levels of care, 94-95 Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), 60, QU1L Lhermitte sign, 54 Guaifenesin, for cough, 21 Lifestyle changes cardiovascular disease risk reduction, Q96 H for dyslipidemias, 67 Hallucinogen use disorder, 85 for hypertriglyceridemia, 71-72. Q60 Hallux, 66 for metabolic syndrome, 73, Q72 Haloperidol, adverse effects of, 88t Likelihood ratios (LRs), 8-11, 9t, 10t Hamate fractures, 59 Lipedema, features of, 33t Hammertoe deformities, 66 Lipid levels, evaluation of, 66-67 Hand pain, 59 Lisdexamfetamine, for binge eating, 87. Q26 Handheld fans, for dyspnea, Q80 Lisinopril, cough related to, Q75 Hawkins test, 56t Lithium, for bipolar disorder, 78 HDL cholesterol levels, 67, 73t. See also Dyslipidemia Liver disease, 33t, 70-71 Hearing, evaluation of, 90 Liver spots, 100 Heart failure, features of, 33t Living wills, 16 Hemoptysis, 21 Lorazepam, 79t, Q41, Q54 Hepatopulmonary syndrome, 27 Lovastatin, for dyslipidemia, 68t Herpesvirus, cough related to, 21 Low back pain, 51-53 Heterogeneity, meta-analysis limitations, 8, 42, Q20 cauda equina syndrome and, Q92 High-frequency neurostimulation, 41-42 diagnoses causing, 52t Hindfoot pain, 65-66, Q104 evaluation of, Q78 HINTS assessment, 22, 22t management of, Q4, Q47 Hip pain, 60-61, 60t, Q7, Q21, QU1 neurologic deficits in, 52t Honey, for coughs, 19 osteomyelitis and, Q57 Hospice care, 50 patient education in, Q99 Human Genome Project, 101 Lower extremity disorders, 60-66 Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test, 93 Lower extremity edema, 32-34, 33t, Q3 Hydrocodone, for palliative care, 46t Lower extremity ulcers, 33t Hydrocolloid dressings, 99 Lumbar radiculopathy, 61 Hydromorphone, 46t, Q38 Lymphedema, 33t Hydroxyzine, for GAD, 79t Hypertriglyceridemia, 67, 71-72, Q60 M Hypothyroidism, 33t, 67 Major depressive disorder (MDD), 74-75, 74t, Q13, Q25, QLOO Hypoxemia, oxygen therapy for, 27 Malingering, 86 Marijuana use, 84 I Massage, 41, 53 Icosapent ethyl, 68t, 71t, 72 McMurray maneuver, 62t Iliotibial band syndrome, 64, Q28 Meclizine, fall risk and, Q68 Illness anxiety disorder, 86 Medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears, 63 Immunocompromised patients, cough in, 21 Medial tibial stress syndrome, 64 Impingement syndrome, 55 Medial-lateral grind test, 62t. 63 Incontinence Questions, 96, 97f Median nerve compression, 59 Industry relations, conflicts of interest and, 18, 18t Medical errors, disclosure of, 16-17 Infectious diseases, mandatory reporting of, 14 Medical ethics, basic principles of, 11-12 In-flight emergencies, 39-40 Medical literature, study designs, 3-4 Informed consent, patient autonomy and, 14-16 Medical orders for life-sustaining treatment (MOLST), 48 Inguinal hernia, 60, 61 Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), 34-36, 36t, Q1O, Q63, Q77 Insomnia, 29-32 Medicare and Medicaid, 94 behavioral therapy for, Q76 Mediterranean diet, 67 chronic, Q67 Meniere disease, 22-24, Q95 cognitive behavioral therapy for, Q12 Meniscal tears, 63, Q102 drug treatments for, 31t, 32t, Q67 Meralgia paresthetica, 60-61 Insomnia Severity Index, 29 Meta-analyses, 5-8, Q20 Insulin resistance syndrome, 73 Metabolic syndrome, 73, 73t, Q72 Interdigital nerve injury, 66 Metatarsals, stress fractures, 65 Internal medicine, 1-2, 1t, 10t Methadone, 43, 46, 46t, 85t Internal rotation lag sign, 56t Methamphetamines, 85 Internal validity, 8 Methylphenidate, for ADHD, 89 Interpersonal therapy, 76t Midfoot pain, 66 Interventions Mini-Cog test, 91, QI5S requests for, 16 Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 91 value of, 1-2, 1t Mixed urinary incontinence, 97t Ipratropium. for cough, 19 Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). 91 Mood disorders, 27-29, 73-78, 74t J Moral distress, physician, 18 Justice, principle of, 12, 12t Morphine, 46t, QI8 193

Index Morton neuroma, 66 Pain management, 41-47 Munchausen syndrome, 86 in cancer, Q18 Mycoplasma infection, cough in, 19 cannabis for, Q101 Myofascial pain, 53-54 IV hydromorphone for, Q38 Myopathy, 70-71, Q39 multimodal management, Q108 nonpharmacologic, 41-42 N in serious illness, 45-46 Naloxone, 45, 84, Q74 Painful arc test, 56t Naltrexone, 81, 83t, 85t, Q61 Palliative care, 46t, 47-50, 47t Nausea, 49, 49t Panic attacks, 79-80 Neck pain, 53-55, Q39, Q82 Panic disorder, 79-80 Nefazodone, 77t Pantoprazole, 104t Negative likelihood ratio (LR-), 9t Paroxetine, 77t, 79t, Q85 Negative predictive value (NPV), 9t Patellar tendon, 64 Neglect, 14, 93 Patellofemoral pain syndrome, 63, Q50 Nephrotic syndrome, LDL levels and, 67 Patient autonomy, 14-17, Q87 Neurogenic claudication, 51 Patient-physician relationships, 12-13 Neuropathic pain, 40 advance care planning, 16, Q58 Neuropathic ulcers, 33t boundaries in, 12 “Never events,” 99 challenges in, 13 Niacin, 71t discriminatory behavior in, Q45 Nicotine inhalers, 82t fiduciary responsibilities and, 16-17 Nicotine products, 82t goals of care and, Q87 Noble maneuver, 62t recommended safeguards in, 13t Nociceptive pain, 40 requests for reassignment, 14f Nocturnal dyspnea, 27 PCSK9 inhibitors, 68t, 70, 71t, Q86 Nomograms, 9, 11, 1f Pentoxifylline, for venous stasis ulcers, 34 Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB), 20 Peripartum depression, 75-76, 75t Nonmaleficence, principle of, 11-12, 12t Peripheral edema, Q3 Nonrandomized controlled trials, 6t Peripheral vertigo, 22-24 Nortriptyline, for pain management, 42 Persistent complex bereavement disorder, 75t, 76 NSAIDs, 42, 53, 54, 104t Persistent depressive disorder, 74t Number needed to harm (NNH), 10t, 11 Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD), 26 Number needed to treat (NNT), 10t, 11, Q52 Personality disorders, 85-86, 86t, Q89 Nursing homes, 94 Pes anserine bursitis, 63-64 Phalen maneuver, 59 0 Pharmacogenetics, 103-104, Q90 Observational studies, 5, 7t Pharmacogenomics, 103-104, 104t Obsessive-compulsive disorder, 80 Phenobarbital, 84t Obstructive sleep apnea, 33t Physical therapy Occupational stresses, 18 knee pain, Q50 Olanzapine, 78, 88t, Q23 for low back pain, 53 Olecranon bursitis, 58, 58f, Q30 for meniscal tears, Q102 Olecranon synovitis, 58 for pain management, 41 Omega-3 fatty acids, 71t for rotator cuff tendinopathy, Q84 Omeprazole, pharmacogenetics, 104 Physician burnout, 18 Opioid overdoses, 84 Physician bystanders, 17 Opioid Risk Tool, 43 Physician impairment, 18 Opioid therapy Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST), 48 adverse effects of, 45 Physician-assisted suicide, 17 constipation in, Q112 Phytosterols, 68t for cough, 21 Plantar fasciitis, 66 initiation of, 43 Pneumocystis jirovecii cough, 21 long-term, 44t Polyethylene glycol, for constipation, 49 overdose risk in, 43, Q41 Polypharmacy, issues of, 95 for pain management, 43-46, 46t Popliteal cysts, 64-65, 64f patient monitoring in, Q5 Positive likelihood ratio (LR+), 9t recommendations, 44t Positive predictive value (PPV), 9t risk assessment, 43-44, Q93 Posterior drawer test, 62t Opioid use disorder, 84-85, 85t. Q74 Posteromedial pain paresthesia, 66 Opioid withdrawal syndrome, 84 Postnasal drip, 19 Opioid-induced hyperalgia, 40-41 Posttest odds, 9t Oropharyngeal secretions, 49 Posttest probability, 9t Orthopnea, 27 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 80, Q31 Orthostatic blood pressure, Q22 Practice guidelines, evidence and, 3-4 Orthostatic intolerance, 28 Pravastatin, for dyslipidemia, 68t Orthostatic syncope, 37, Q34 Predictive values, 8, 10t, Q36 Osmotic laxatives, 49 Pregabalin, 42, 53, 79t Osteoarthritis, 60t, Q21 Pregnancy, dyslipidemia in, 72 Osteochondral injury, 64 Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), 75, 75t, Q35 Osteomyelitis, 54, Q57 Prepatellar bursitis, 63-64 Osteonecrosis, 60 Pressure injuries, 98-99, 99t, Q51, Q98 Osteopenia, eating disorders and, 87 Pressure offloading, Q51 Osteoporosis, eating disorders and, 87 Presyncope, 24 Osteoporotic Fractures Frailty Scale, 94t Pretest odds, 9t Ottawa ankle rules, 65, 65f Pretest probability, 9t Overflow urinary incontinence, 97t, 98 Prevalence (Prev), 9t, Q36 Oxycodone, for palliative care, 46t Professionalism, 11-18 Propofol, for alcohol withdrawal. 84t P Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. P values, 8 See PCSK9 inhibitors Pain, classification of, 40-41 Proximal interphalangeal joint flexion deformity, 66

Morton neuroma, 66 Pain management, 41-47 Munchausen syndrome, 86 in cancer, Q18 Mycoplasma infection, cough in, 19 cannabis for, Q101 Myofascial pain, 53-54 IV hydromorphone for, Q38 Myopathy, 70-71, Q39 multimodal management, Q108 nonpharmacologic, 41-42 N in serious illness, 45-46 Naloxone, 45, 84, Q74 Painful arc test, 56t Naltrexone, 81, 83t, 85t, Q61 Palliative care, 46t, 47-50, 47t Nausea, 49, 49t Panic attacks, 79-80 Neck pain, 53-55, Q39, Q82 Panic disorder, 79-80 Nefazodone, 77t Pantoprazole, 104t Negative likelihood ratio (LR-), 9t Paroxetine, 77t, 79t, Q85 Negative predictive value (NPV), 9t Patellar tendon, 64 Neglect, 14, 93 Patellofemoral pain syndrome, 63, Q50 Nephrotic syndrome, LDL levels and, 67 Patient autonomy, 14-17, Q87 Neurogenic claudication, 51 Patient-physician relationships, 12-13 Neuropathic pain, 40 advance care planning, 16, Q58 Neuropathic ulcers, 33t boundaries in, 12 “Never events,” 99 challenges in, 13 Niacin, 71t discriminatory behavior in, Q45 Nicotine inhalers, 82t fiduciary responsibilities and, 16-17 Nicotine products, 82t goals of care and, Q87 Noble maneuver, 62t recommended safeguards in, 13t Nociceptive pain, 40 requests for reassignment, 14f Nocturnal dyspnea, 27 PCSK9 inhibitors, 68t, 70, 71t, Q86 Nomograms, 9, 11, 1f Pentoxifylline, for venous stasis ulcers, 34 Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB), 20 Peripartum depression, 75-76, 75t Nonmaleficence, principle of, 11-12, 12t Peripheral edema, Q3 Nonrandomized controlled trials, 6t Peripheral vertigo, 22-24 Nortriptyline, for pain management, 42 Persistent complex bereavement disorder, 75t, 76 NSAIDs, 42, 53, 54, 104t Persistent depressive disorder, 74t Number needed to harm (NNH), 10t, 11 Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD), 26 Number needed to treat (NNT), 10t, 11, Q52 Personality disorders, 85-86, 86t, Q89 Nursing homes, 94 Pes anserine bursitis, 63-64 Phalen maneuver, 59 0 Pharmacogenetics, 103-104, Q90 Observational studies, 5, 7t Pharmacogenomics, 103-104, 104t Obsessive-compulsive disorder, 80 Phenobarbital, 84t Obstructive sleep apnea, 33t Physical therapy Occupational stresses, 18 knee pain, Q50 Olanzapine, 78, 88t, Q23 for low back pain, 53 Olecranon bursitis, 58, 58f, Q30 for meniscal tears, Q102 Olecranon synovitis, 58 for pain management, 41 Omega-3 fatty acids, 71t for rotator cuff tendinopathy, Q84 Omeprazole, pharmacogenetics, 104 Physician burnout, 18 Opioid overdoses, 84 Physician bystanders, 17 Opioid Risk Tool, 43 Physician impairment, 18 Opioid therapy Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST), 48 adverse effects of, 45 Physician-assisted suicide, 17 constipation in, Q112 Phytosterols, 68t for cough, 21 Plantar fasciitis, 66 initiation of, 43 Pneumocystis jirovecii cough, 21 long-term, 44t Polyethylene glycol, for constipation, 49 overdose risk in, 43, Q41 Polypharmacy, issues of, 95 for pain management, 43-46, 46t Popliteal cysts, 64-65, 64f patient monitoring in, Q5 Positive likelihood ratio (LR+), 9t recommendations, 44t Positive predictive value (PPV), 9t risk assessment, 43-44, Q93 Posterior drawer test, 62t Opioid use disorder, 84-85, 85t. Q74 Posteromedial pain paresthesia, 66 Opioid withdrawal syndrome, 84 Postnasal drip, 19 Opioid-induced hyperalgia, 40-41 Posttest odds, 9t Oropharyngeal secretions, 49 Posttest probability, 9t Orthopnea, 27 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 80, Q31 Orthostatic blood pressure, Q22 Practice guidelines, evidence and, 3-4 Orthostatic intolerance, 28 Pravastatin, for dyslipidemia, 68t Orthostatic syncope, 37, Q34 Predictive values, 8, 10t, Q36 Osmotic laxatives, 49 Pregabalin, 42, 53, 79t Osteoarthritis, 60t, Q21 Pregnancy, dyslipidemia in, 72 Osteochondral injury, 64 Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), 75, 75t, Q35 Osteomyelitis, 54, Q57 Prepatellar bursitis, 63-64 Osteonecrosis, 60 Pressure injuries, 98-99, 99t, Q51, Q98 Osteopenia, eating disorders and, 87 Pressure offloading, Q51 Osteoporosis, eating disorders and, 87 Presyncope, 24 Osteoporotic Fractures Frailty Scale, 94t Pretest odds, 9t Ottawa ankle rules, 65, 65f Pretest probability, 9t Overflow urinary incontinence, 97t, 98 Prevalence (Prev), 9t, Q36 Oxycodone, for palliative care, 46t Professionalism, 11-18 Propofol, for alcohol withdrawal. 84t P Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. P values, 8 See PCSK9 inhibitors Pain, classification of, 40-41 Proximal interphalangeal joint flexion deformity, 66 194

Index Psychodynamic therapy, 76t Social anxiety disorder, 80 Psychogenic syncope, 37 Social media, 12, 13t Pulmonary hypertension, 33t Solar lentigines, 100, 100f Pulmonary rehabilitation, for dyspnea, 27, Q8 Somatic symptom and related disorders, 86-87, Q103 Purging behaviors, 87 Somatic symptom disorder, 86-87 Somatoform disorders, 86-87 Q Specificity, 8, 10t Quadriceps tendon, 64 Spinal manipulation, 41 Quality of life, palliative care and, 47-50, 47t Spinal stenosis, 52t Quasi-experimental studies, 6t Spirometry, Q71 Quazepam, for insomnia, 31t Sprains, 50-51, 65 Quetiapine, 78, 88t Spurling test, 54 Quinine, 104t Stasis dermatitis, 32 Statin therapy, 104t R adverse effects of, 70-71 Radial nerve entrapment, 58 aminotransferase tests before, Q94 Radiculopathy for patient with diabetes, Q2 back pain and, 51, 52t dyslipidemia resistant to, Q86 cervical, 55, Q82 for dyslipidemia, 67-68, 68t lumbar, 61 for familial hypercholesterolemia, Q109 neck pain and, 54 indications for, 69t sciatic nerve, Q78 intolerance to, 70-71 Ramelteon (Rozerem), 31t monitoring of, 70-71 Ramsay Hunt syndrome, 22-24 during pregnancy, 72 Random errors, definition of, 8 recommendations, 71t Randomized controlled trials, 6t for reduction of ASCVD risk, Q46 “Red flag” symptoms safety of, 70-71 genetic risk and, 101t Statistical analysis, 8 neck pain and, 54 Statistical significance, 8 pain, 41 Stimulant use disorder, 85 Reflex syncope, 37 Straight leg raise test, S1f Refusal of care, 14-16, Q49 Strains, 50-51 Rehabilitation, 94-95, Q29 Stress fractures, 65, 65f, Q104 Reimbursement models, 1-2 Stress urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q32 Relative risk (RR), 10t Stroke, vertebrobasilar, 24 Relative risk reduction (RRR), 10t, 11 Study designs Research designs, hierarchy of, 4t categories of, 3-4 Residential home care, 94 confounders and, 8, Q6 Resisted external rotation test, 56t experimental, 6t Respite care, 94 Substance use disorders, 41, 80-85 Rhabdomyolysis, statins and, 70-71 Substituted judgment, 16 Rhinosinusitis, 19 Suicidal ideation, Q100 Risperidone, adverse effects of, 88t Suicide, 17, 74t Rosuvastatin, 68t, Q2, Q24 Sulfa drugs, 104t Rotator cuff disease, 55-57, 56t, Q84 Surrogates, decision making and, 16 Rotator cuff tendinopathy, 55, Q84 Suvorexant (Belsomra), 31t Symptom concerns, 19-40 by Syncope, 36-39 Sacroiliac joint dysfunction, Q7 AHA/ACC/HRS guidelines, 38f Sacroiliitis, 52t causes of, 37t Sample sizes, 5 classification of, 36-37 Scaphoid fractures, 59, Q19 diagnosis of, 38f Schizophrenia, 88 evaluation of, Q22 Sciatic nerve radiculopathy, Q78 high-risk clinical characteristics in, 39t, Q14 Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), 74t, 75 medication-related, Q34 Selection bias, 5 orthostatic blood pressure measurement in, Q22 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) vasovagal, Q48 adverse effects of, 77t Systematic error, 8, Q66 for depressive disorders, 76 Systematic reviews, 5-8 dosages, 77t Systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID), 27-29, Q91 for generalized anxiety disorder, 79t for low back pain, 53 f in patients receiving palliative care, 50 Tarsals, stress fracture of, 65 for premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Q35 Telemedicine, 12-13, 13t for PTSD, Q31 Tendinopathy, 55, 64, Q84 Self-determination, right to, 16 Tendon xanthomas, 72-73 Senna, for constipation, 49, QlU12 Tension headache, 54 Sensitivity (Sn), 8, 9t, 10t Therapeutic privilege, 14 Serotonin modulators, 77t Thessaly maneuver, 62t, 63 Serotonin syndrome, causes of, 76 Thiothixene, adverse effects of, 88t Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), 76, 77t, 79t Thioridazine, adverse effects of, 88t Sertraline, 77t, 79t, Q9, Q31, Q35 Third-party payers, 1-2 Shoulder pain, 55-58, Q65, Q79, Q84 Third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy, 76t Silicone foam dressings, 99 Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), 55, Q65 Simvastatin, 34, 68t, 104t Thumb abduction, 59 Skilled nursing facilities, discharge to, 50, 93, 94, Q29 Tilt-table testing, 38 Skin, 98-101 Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, 91 Sleep disorders, 95 Tinel test, 59 Sleep hygiene strategies, 30, 30t Tobacco cessation, 81t, 82t, Ql1 Smoking, 80-81 Tobacco use, 21, 80-81 Smoking cessation, 81t Topical anesthetics, for cough, 21 Snellen eye chart, 89 Tramadol, for palliative care, 46t

Psychodynamic therapy, 76t Social anxiety disorder, 80 Psychogenic syncope, 37 Social media, 12, 13t Pulmonary hypertension, 33t Solar lentigines, 100, 100f Pulmonary rehabilitation, for dyspnea, 27, Q8 Somatic symptom and related disorders, 86-87, Q103 Purging behaviors, 87 Somatic symptom disorder, 86-87 Somatoform disorders, 86-87 Q Specificity, 8, 10t Quadriceps tendon, 64 Spinal manipulation, 41 Quality of life, palliative care and, 47-50, 47t Spinal stenosis, 52t Quasi-experimental studies, 6t Spirometry, Q71 Quazepam, for insomnia, 31t Sprains, 50-51, 65 Quetiapine, 78, 88t Spurling test, 54 Quinine, 104t Stasis dermatitis, 32 Statin therapy, 104t R adverse effects of, 70-71 Radial nerve entrapment, 58 aminotransferase tests before, Q94 Radiculopathy for patient with diabetes, Q2 back pain and, 51, 52t dyslipidemia resistant to, Q86 cervical, 55, Q82 for dyslipidemia, 67-68, 68t lumbar, 61 for familial hypercholesterolemia, Q109 neck pain and, 54 indications for, 69t sciatic nerve, Q78 intolerance to, 70-71 Ramelteon (Rozerem), 31t monitoring of, 70-71 Ramsay Hunt syndrome, 22-24 during pregnancy, 72 Random errors, definition of, 8 recommendations, 71t Randomized controlled trials, 6t for reduction of ASCVD risk, Q46 “Red flag” symptoms safety of, 70-71 genetic risk and, 101t Statistical analysis, 8 neck pain and, 54 Statistical significance, 8 pain, 41 Stimulant use disorder, 85 Reflex syncope, 37 Straight leg raise test, S1f Refusal of care, 14-16, Q49 Strains, 50-51 Rehabilitation, 94-95, Q29 Stress fractures, 65, 65f, Q104 Reimbursement models, 1-2 Stress urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q32 Relative risk (RR), 10t Stroke, vertebrobasilar, 24 Relative risk reduction (RRR), 10t, 11 Study designs Research designs, hierarchy of, 4t categories of, 3-4 Residential home care, 94 confounders and, 8, Q6 Resisted external rotation test, 56t experimental, 6t Respite care, 94 Substance use disorders, 41, 80-85 Rhabdomyolysis, statins and, 70-71 Substituted judgment, 16 Rhinosinusitis, 19 Suicidal ideation, Q100 Risperidone, adverse effects of, 88t Suicide, 17, 74t Rosuvastatin, 68t, Q2, Q24 Sulfa drugs, 104t Rotator cuff disease, 55-57, 56t, Q84 Surrogates, decision making and, 16 Rotator cuff tendinopathy, 55, Q84 Suvorexant (Belsomra), 31t Symptom concerns, 19-40 by Syncope, 36-39 Sacroiliac joint dysfunction, Q7 AHA/ACC/HRS guidelines, 38f Sacroiliitis, 52t causes of, 37t Sample sizes, 5 classification of, 36-37 Scaphoid fractures, 59, Q19 diagnosis of, 38f Schizophrenia, 88 evaluation of, Q22 Sciatic nerve radiculopathy, Q78 high-risk clinical characteristics in, 39t, Q14 Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), 74t, 75 medication-related, Q34 Selection bias, 5 orthostatic blood pressure measurement in, Q22 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) vasovagal, Q48 adverse effects of, 77t Systematic error, 8, Q66 for depressive disorders, 76 Systematic reviews, 5-8 dosages, 77t Systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID), 27-29, Q91 for generalized anxiety disorder, 79t for low back pain, 53 f in patients receiving palliative care, 50 Tarsals, stress fracture of, 65 for premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Q35 Telemedicine, 12-13, 13t for PTSD, Q31 Tendinopathy, 55, 64, Q84 Self-determination, right to, 16 Tendon xanthomas, 72-73 Senna, for constipation, 49, QlU12 Tension headache, 54 Sensitivity (Sn), 8, 9t, 10t Therapeutic privilege, 14 Serotonin modulators, 77t Thessaly maneuver, 62t, 63 Serotonin syndrome, causes of, 76 Thiothixene, adverse effects of, 88t Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), 76, 77t, 79t Thioridazine, adverse effects of, 88t Sertraline, 77t, 79t, Q9, Q31, Q35 Third-party payers, 1-2 Shoulder pain, 55-58, Q65, Q79, Q84 Third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy, 76t Silicone foam dressings, 99 Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), 55, Q65 Simvastatin, 34, 68t, 104t Thumb abduction, 59 Skilled nursing facilities, discharge to, 50, 93, 94, Q29 Tilt-table testing, 38 Skin, 98-101 Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, 91 Sleep disorders, 95 Tinel test, 59 Sleep hygiene strategies, 30, 30t Tobacco cessation, 81t, 82t, Ql1 Smoking, 80-81 Tobacco use, 21, 80-81 Smoking cessation, 81t Topical anesthetics, for cough, 21 Snellen eye chart, 89 Tramadol, for palliative care, 46t 195

Index Transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl (TIRF), 46 Venous insufficiency, Q69 Traumatic bursitis, 63 Venous stasis ulcers, 33t, 34, 34f, Q27 Triazolam, for insomnia, 31t Vertebrobasilar ischemia, 22 Tricuspid regurgitation, 27 Vertebrobasilar stroke, 24 Tricyclic antidepressants, 42, 53, 54, 89 Vertigo Trigger point injections, for pain, 41 BPPV, 22-24, Q105 Triglyceride levels, 67, 73t. See also Hypertriglyceridemia central, 24, Q17 Trochanteric bursitis, 60 differential diagnoses for, 22t labyrinthitis and, Q114 U peripheral, 22-24 Ulcers Vestibular and balance rehabilitation therapy (VBRT), 24 lower extremity, 32-34, 33t Vestibular neuronitis, 22-24 pressure injuries, 98-99 Vestibular schwannomas, 23 venous stasis, 33t, 34, 34f, Q27 Vision, assessment of, 89 Ulnar nerve entrapment, 58 Ulnar neuropathy, 59 Ww Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), 20-21, 20f Walking boots, Q104 Urge urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q97 Warfarin, 104t Urinary incontinence (UI), 95-98 Weight loss, symptom management, 49 management of, Q40 Withdrawing treatment, 17 treatment of, 96-98 Withholding treatment, 17 treatment strategies for, 97t Wound care, 99 types of, 96t Wrist pain, 59, Q19 urinary tract infections and, Q81 Urinary tract infection (UTI), Q81 x Xanthelasma, 72 Vv Xanthomas, 72-73, 72f Vaginal estrogen, 98, Q32 Xerosis cutis, 99 Valgus stress test, 62t, 63 Xerotic dermatitis, 99 Validity, definition of, 8 Xerotic eczema, 99, 100f Valproic acid, 78 Vaping products, 81 ¥ Varenicline, 81, 82t, Q11 Yoga, for low back pain, 53 Varicella, cough related to, 21 Varus stress test, 62t Zz Vasovagal syncope, Q48, Q70 Zaleplon, for insomnia, 30, 31t Venlafaxine, 54, 77t, 79t Zolpidem, for insomnia, 30, 31t

Transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl (TIRF), 46 Venous insufficiency, Q69 Traumatic bursitis, 63 Venous stasis ulcers, 33t, 34, 34f, Q27 Triazolam, for insomnia, 31t Vertebrobasilar ischemia, 22 Tricuspid regurgitation, 27 Vertebrobasilar stroke, 24 Tricyclic antidepressants, 42, 53, 54, 89 Vertigo Trigger point injections, for pain, 41 BPPV, 22-24, Q105 Triglyceride levels, 67, 73t. See also Hypertriglyceridemia central, 24, Q17 Trochanteric bursitis, 60 differential diagnoses for, 22t labyrinthitis and, Q114 U peripheral, 22-24 Ulcers Vestibular and balance rehabilitation therapy (VBRT), 24 lower extremity, 32-34, 33t Vestibular neuronitis, 22-24 pressure injuries, 98-99 Vestibular schwannomas, 23 venous stasis, 33t, 34, 34f, Q27 Vision, assessment of, 89 Ulnar nerve entrapment, 58 Ulnar neuropathy, 59 Ww Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), 20-21, 20f Walking boots, Q104 Urge urinary incontinence, 97t, 98, Q97 Warfarin, 104t Urinary incontinence (UI), 95-98 Weight loss, symptom management, 49 management of, Q40 Withdrawing treatment, 17 treatment of, 96-98 Withholding treatment, 17 treatment strategies for, 97t Wound care, 99 types of, 96t Wrist pain, 59, Q19 urinary tract infections and, Q81 Urinary tract infection (UTI), Q81 x Xanthelasma, 72 Vv Xanthomas, 72-73, 72f Vaginal estrogen, 98, Q32 Xerosis cutis, 99 Valgus stress test, 62t, 63 Xerotic dermatitis, 99 Validity, definition of, 8 Xerotic eczema, 99, 100f Valproic acid, 78 Vaping products, 81 ¥ Varenicline, 81, 82t, Q11 Yoga, for low back pain, 53 Varicella, cough related to, 21 Varus stress test, 62t Zz Vasovagal syncope, Q48, Q70 Zaleplon, for insomnia, 30, 31t Venlafaxine, 54, 77t, 79t Zolpidem, for insomnia, 30, 31t 196