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The adrenal glands, also called the suprarenal glands, are a significant part of the endocrine system (see Images. Chromophil and Cortical Systems, Suprarenal Glands [Anterior View] and Chromophil and Cortical Systems, Suprarenal Glands [Posterior View]). These glands play a vital role in the body's fight-or-flight response, generating stress hormones that activate physiological adaptations necessary to counteract changes in the external environment. The adrenal glands also secrete several essential hormones that significantly regulate the body's immune system, metabolism, and salt and water balance. The paired adrenal glands are triangular-shaped organs that measure approximately 5 cm by 2 cm, are located on the superior aspect of each kidney, and weigh 4 to 5 grams each (see Image. The Urinary Organs).