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The gluteal region is an anatomically important area on the posterior aspect of the pelvis that contains muscles critical to human dynamic movements and upright stability.[1][2] It is a key conduit for several important neurovascular structures passing into the lower limb.[3] The major muscles in this region are the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus, of which the former is the largest and most superficial (see Image. Gluteus Maximus). Owing to its position, the gluteus maximus muscle has importance in surgical approaches to the hip joint.[4] See Image. Muscles of the Hip and Thigh.