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The temporoparietal fascia (TPF), or superficial temporal fascia, is a thin connective tissue layer beneath the skin and subcutaneous tissue over the temporal fossa. This fibrous structure is continuous with the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), connecting anteriorly to the frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles, posteriorly to the occipitalis, and inferiorly to the platysma via the zygomatic arch (see Image. Muscles of the Head, Face, and Neck). The fascia receives a robust arterial supply from the superficial temporal artery and sensory innervation from the temporal branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The TPF is clinically significant due to its reliable vascularity and pliability, making it a versatile tissue for reconstructive procedures in the head and neck. Surgically, the TPF serves as a donor flap for fascial, fasciocutaneous, and osseofascial reconstructions, enabling repair of defects in the auricle, eyelid, forehead, and nose while minimizing donor-site morbidity. Comprehensive knowledge of the fascia's anatomical relationships, neurovascular course, and biomechanical properties allows clinicians to perform safe dissections, optimize flap design, and reduce complications such as nerve injury or flap necrosis.