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Extraocular muscles (EOMs) are crucial for ocular movement. The superior and inferior obliques and the 4 recti work together to move the eyes in various directions (see Image. Oculomotor Nerve Pathway). The inferior oblique is almost entirely muscular, unlike the superior oblique, which is both muscular and tendinous. The inferior oblique is primarily responsible for the eye's external rotation. The muscle's secondary and tertiary actions are elevation and abduction, respectively.[1] Inferior oblique overaction is a common cause of vertical strabismus and can be seen in conditions like infantile esotropia. Inferior oblique dysfunction can affect ocular torsion, leading to diplopia. Surgery on the inferior oblique is a common procedure to correct strabismus. Understanding the inferior oblique's anatomy and function is essential for diagnosing and managing various ocular conditions, particularly those involving eye movement and alignment.