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The medial brachial cutaneous nerve, also known as the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm, provides sensation to the medial cutaneous aspect of the arm (see Image. Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve). It is the smallest and most medial branch of the brachial plexus, originating from C8 and T1 nerve roots.[1] As it descends the arm, it courses with the basilic vein, terminating at the distal third of the medial arm.[2] Variants exist in the amount of proximal and distal branches and the course of the median cord from which this nerve arises. Clinically, knowledge of the anatomic course of the medial brachial cutaneous nerve is essential for surgical procedures such as brachioplasty, breast augmentation, and axillary lymph node dissection.