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The fossa ovalis is a depressed structure, of varying shapes, located in the inferior aspect of the right interatrial septum.[1] A remnant of an interatrial opening, the foramen ovale, which has a significant role in fetal circulation, the fossa ovalis forms by the fusion of the septum primum and septum secundum.[2] This article will describe the structure, function, embryology, vascular supply, physiologic variants, surgical considerations, and clinical significance of the fossa ovalis.