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Corneal topography evaluates the anterior curvature of the cornea while corneal tomography includes the posterior curvature and corneal thickness. This article compares and contrasts the various methods of obtaining corneal data. Corneal imaging is most applicable when evaluating keratorefractive surgery candidacy and keratoconus-risk. This activity highlights the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and improving care for patients with corneal pathologies. Objectives: Review the principles of corneal topography and tomography, and the standard maps produced by such techniques. Identify the most definitive test for evaluating corneal pathologies for the intended purpose. Outline the risk factors for developing keratoconus or keratorefractive surgery complications. Review the importance of collaboration and communication among health care professionals to enhance the delivery of care for patients receiving the ophthalmic evaluation. Access free multiple choice questions on this topic.

Corneal imaging is widely used by ophthalmologists to understand the shape and curvature of the cornea. Corneal topography evaluates the anterior surface of the cornea and displays the information using a color-coded map. On the other hand, corneal tomography takes into account the thickness of the cornea, allowing the posterior surface of the cornea to be elucidated.[1] Their ability to track disease progression, treatment efficacy over time, and screen candidates for particular surgical procedures make them one of ophthalmology’s essential imaging studies. The goal of this article is to understand the basics of corneal topography and tomography, understand its indications, and interpret its findings.

Corneal surface assessment is useful in nearly all ophthalmic evaluations. Placido disc can be used in primary care to get a general understanding of the anterior surface of the cornea and allow a large number of low-risk patients to be screened. Those with more complex pathologies can be referred to an ophthalmologist, decreasing the cost and resource usage. Corneal pachymetry is essential in determining candidacy for keratorefractive surgery and is employed by optometrists and ophthalmologists to screen for corneal ectasia risk. Careful screening cuts down on adverse events following operation and better patient outcomes.