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Diclofenac is a medication used in the management and treatment of inflammatory conditions and pain. It is in the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). This activity outlines the indications, mechanism of action, administration, adverse effect profile, contraindications, and other key factors for diclofenac in the clinical setting pertinent to healthcare team members to treat and manage patients with inflammation-related conditions. Objectives: Outline the mechanisms of action of diclofenac. Review the indications for therapy with diclofenac. Summarize the potential adverse reactions of diclofenac. Outline the importance of improving care coordination among the interprofessional team to improve outcomes for patients receiving diclofenac. Access free multiple choice questions on this topic.

Diclofenac’s potential for toxicity is associated with polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 gene family, which affects the patient’s potential for drug metabolism. OTC NSAID toxicity is not uncommon but is generally limited to mild symptoms with a low risk of serious effects. These effects are usually limited to GI upset, nausea, and dizziness.[21] Severe overdose may lead to more serious symptoms involving seizure, coma, cardiovascular events, and metabolic acidosis.[22] There is no antidote for diclofenac (or other NSAID toxicity). Therefore, treatment is supportive. NSAID toxicity is manageable with the maintenance of circulation and breathing in critical patients. Patients with limited GI toxicity can receive activated charcoal to avoid GI contamination.[23] Clinicians should address acid-base balance in patients.[24]

The effectiveness and safety of diclofenac therapy depend on its correct usage and adherence to clinical guidelines. Its administration should be monitored and evaluated along the course of treatment. Numerous studies highlight the benefits and indications of using diclofenac, and its popularity and application have grown to reflect such. Patient-centered goals should be at the forefront of treatment. An interprofessional team approach is necessary, involving input from clinicians, mid-level practitioners, nurses, therapists, pharmacists, and other medical professionals for proper treatment of patient ailments. Patients should receive education to understand the risks and benefits of diclofenac therapy and their specific concerns for their individual treatment. All interprofessional team members should have involvement in the management of treatment with diclofenac to optimize patient outcomes while minimizing potential adverse events. [Level 5]