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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email ACC/AHA/ESC Guideline Summary: Pharmacologic cardioversion of AF >7 days duration* Antiarrhythmic drug* Route of administration Class of recommendation Drugs proven effective Dofetilide Oral I Amiodarone Oral or intravenous IIa Ibutilide Intravenous IIa Drugs that are less effective or incompletely studied Disopyramide Intravenous IIb Flecainide Oral IIb Procainamide Intravenous IIb Propafenone Oral or intravenous IIb Quinidine Oral IIb Drugs that should not be given Digoxin Oral or intravenous III Sotalol Oral or intravenous III * The doses of medications used in these studies may not be the same as those recommended by the manufacturers. Data from Fuster, V, Ryden, LE, Cannom, DS, etal. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrialfibrillation. A report of the American College of Cardiology/AmericanHeart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the EuropeanSociety of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writingcommittee to revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patientswith atrial fibrillation). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48:e149.