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referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f37_16_38151

REFERENCES Hudson MM, Jones D, Boyett J, et al. Late mortality of long-term survivors of childhood cancer. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15:2205. Miller BA, Ries LA, Hankey BF, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review: 1973-1990. NIH Publication no. 93-2789. National Cancer Institute; Bethesda, MD 1993. Rose SR, Danish RK, Kearney NS, et al. ACTH deficiency in childhood cancer survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005; 45:808. Hameed R, Zacharin MR. Long-term endocrine effects of cancer treatment: experience of the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. J Paediatr Child Health 2005; 41:36. Schmiegelow M, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Rasmussen AK, et al. Assessment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for childhood brain tumor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:3149. Rose SR, Schreiber RE, Kearney NS, et al. Hypothalamic dysfunction after chemotherapy. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2004; 17:55. Rose SR, Lustig RH, Pitukcheewanont P, et al. Diagnosis of hidden central hypothyroidism in survivors of childhood cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84:4472. Darzy KH, Shalet SM. Absence of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) neurosecretory dysfunction but increased cortisol concentrations and production rates in ACTH-replete adult cancer survivors after cranial irradiation for nonpituitary brain tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:5217. Darzy KH, Shalet SM. Hypopituitarism following Radiotherapy Revisited. Endocr Dev 2009; 15:1. Spoudeas HA, Charmandari E, Brook CG. Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis integrity after cranial irradiation for childhood posterior fossa tumours. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003; 40:224. Merchant TE, Williams T, Smith JM, et al. Preirradiation endocrinopathies in pediatric brain tumor patients determined by dynamic tests of endocrine function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 54:45. Rohrer TR, Beck JD, Grabenbauer GG, et al. Late endocrine sequelae after radiotherapy of pediatric brain tumors are independent of tumor location. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32:294. Brauner R, Trivin C, Zerah M, et al. Diencephalic syndrome due to hypothalamic tumor: a model of the relationship between weight and puberty onset. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:2467. Agha A, Sherlock M, Brennan S, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction after irradiation of nonpituitary brain tumors in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:6355.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f37_16_38151

Brauner R, Trivin C, Zerah M, et al. Diencephalic syndrome due to hypothalamic tumor: a model of the relationship between weight and puberty onset. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:2467. Agha A, Sherlock M, Brennan S, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction after irradiation of nonpituitary brain tumors in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:6355. Laughton SJ, Merchant TE, Sklar CA, et al. Endocrine outcomes for children with embryonal brain tumors after risk-adapted craniospinal and conformal primary-site irradiation and high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell rescue on the SJMB-96 trial. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:1112. Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med 1995; 332:1351. Streeten DH, Anderson GH Jr, Bonaventura MM. The potential for serious consequences from misinterpreting normal responses to the rapid adrenocorticotropin test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:285. Yanovski JA. Anesthesia in patients with adrenal disorders. Anesthesia Today 1997; 8:5. Oelkers W. Adrenal insufficiency. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:1206. Steiner H, Bähr V, Exner P, Oelkers PW. Pituitary function tests: comparison of ACTH and 11-deoxy-cortisol responses in the metyrapone test and with the insulin hypoglycemia test. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1994; 102:33. Böttner A, Kratzsch J, Liebermann S, et al. Comparison of adrenal function tests in children--the glucagon stimulation test allows the simultaneous assessment of adrenal function and growth hormone response in children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2005; 18:433. Kappy MS, Drake A, Gao D, Ratliff R. Assessing adrenal function in primary care settings with a single sample subcutaneous glucagon test. J Pediatr 2006; 149:682. Schöneshöfer M, L'age M, Oelkers W. Short time kinetics of deoxycorticosterone, deoxycortisol, corticosterone and cortisol during single dose metyrapone test. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1977; 85:109. Shankar RR, Jakacki RI, Haider A, et al. Testing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in survivors of childhood brain and skull-based tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:1995. Clayton RN. Short Synacthen test versus insulin stress test for assessment of the hypothalamo [correction of hypothalmo]-pituitary--adrenal axis: controversy revisited. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996; 44:147.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f37_16_38151

Shankar RR, Jakacki RI, Haider A, et al. Testing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in survivors of childhood brain and skull-based tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:1995. Clayton RN. Short Synacthen test versus insulin stress test for assessment of the hypothalamo [correction of hypothalmo]-pituitary--adrenal axis: controversy revisited. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996; 44:147. Rose SR, Lustig RH, Burstein S, et al. Diagnosis of ACTH deficiency. Comparison of overnight metyrapone test to either low-dose or high-dose ACTH test. Horm Res 1999; 52:73. Dorin RI, Qualls CR, Crapo LM. Diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139:194. Soule SG, Fahie-Wilson M, Tomlinson S. Failure of the short ACTH test to unequivocally diagnose long-standing symptomatic secondary hypoadrenalism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996; 44:137. Dickstein G, Arad E, Shechner C. Low-dose ACTH stimulation test. Endocrinologist 1997; 7:285. Dickstein G, Shechner C, Nicholson WE, et al. Adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: effects of basal cortisol level, time of day, and suggested new sensitive low dose test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 72:773. Agwu JC, Spoudeas H, Hindmarsh PC, et al. Tests of adrenal insufficiency. Arch Dis Child 1999; 80:330. Tordjman K, Jaffe A, Grazas N, et al. The role of the low dose (1 microgram) adrenocorticotropin test in the evaluation of patients with pituitary diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:1301. Graybeal ML, Fang VS. Physiological dosing of exogenous ACTH. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1985; 108:401. Kazlauskaite R, Evans AT, Villabona CV, et al. Corticotropin tests for hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal insufficiency: a metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:4245. Maghnie M, Uga E, Temporini F, et al. Evaluation of adrenal function in patients with growth hormone deficiency and hypothalamic-pituitary disorders: comparison between insulin-induced hypoglycemia, low-dose ACTH, standard ACTH and CRH stimulation tests. Eur J Endocrinol 2005; 152:735. Maguire AM, Ambler GR, Moore B, et al. Prolonged hypocortisolemia in hydrocortisone replacement regimens in adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency. Pediatrics 2007; 120:e164. Linder BL, Esteban NV, Yergey AL, et al. Cortisol production rate in childhood and adolescence. J Pediatr 1990; 117:892. Elias AN, Gwinup G. Effects of some clinically encountered drugs on steroid synthesis and degradation. Metabolism 1980; 29:582.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f37_16_38151

Maguire AM, Ambler GR, Moore B, et al. Prolonged hypocortisolemia in hydrocortisone replacement regimens in adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency. Pediatrics 2007; 120:e164. Linder BL, Esteban NV, Yergey AL, et al. Cortisol production rate in childhood and adolescence. J Pediatr 1990; 117:892. Elias AN, Gwinup G. Effects of some clinically encountered drugs on steroid synthesis and degradation. Metabolism 1980; 29:582. Kyriazopoulou V, Parparousi O, Vagenakis AG. Rifampicin-induced adrenal crisis in addisonian patients receiving corticosteroid replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 59:1204. Robinson BG, Hales IB, Henniker AJ, et al. The effect of o,p'-DDD on adrenal steroid replacement therapy requirements. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1987; 27:437. Santen RJ, Lipton A, Kendall J. Successful medical adrenalectomy with amino-glutethimide. Role of altered drug metabolism. JAMA 1974; 230:1661. Toogood AA, Taylor NF, Shalet SM, Monson JP. Modulation of cortisol metabolism by low-dose growth hormone replacement in elderly hypopituitary patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:1727. Giavoli C, Bergamaschi S, Ferrante E, et al. Effect of growth hormone deficiency and recombinant hGH (rhGH) replacement on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in children with idiopathic isolated GH deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008; 68:247. Kozyra EF, Wax RS, Burry LD. Can 1 microg of cosyntropin be used to evaluate adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients? Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39:691. Minneci PC, Deans KJ, Banks SM, et al. Meta-analysis: the effect of steroids on survival and shock during sepsis depends on the dose. Ann Intern Med 2004; 141:47. Topic 6241 Version 7.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.3 - C21.34 Licensed to: Morehouse School of Medicine | Support Tag: [1105-178.219.2.221-6D749065E6-S473950.14]