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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Examples of complementary and alternative medicine therapies used for autism spectrum disorders Mind-body medicine Acupuncture* Auditory integration training * Biofeedback and neurofeedback * Electroencephalography Δ Hypnosis * Interactive metronome * Music therapy* Neuromodulation * Yoga* Biologically based practices Antibiotics, antifungals Δ Live cell and stem cell therapy ◊ Chelation ◊ Diet (may include probiotics, yeast-free, gluten-free/casein-free, specific carbohydrate diet, vitamin, mineral, and other dietary supplements, etc) Δ Digestive enzymes * Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) * Homeopathy Δ Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) ◊ Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) ◊ Secretin § Supplements: carnitine, coenzyme Q, dimethylglycine, folinic acid, lysine, melatonin, omega-3 fatty acids, trimethylglycine, tuarine, vitamin B6-magnesium, vitamin B12 * Manipulation Chiropractic Δ Craniosacral manipulation Δ Massage/touch therapy/craniosacral therapy* Qigong* Body-based practices, energy medicine Prayer* Hippotherapy (therapeutic horseback riding)* ¥ Transcranial magnetic stimulation ◊ Miscellaneous Facilitated communication § * There is little evidence of efficacy or safety; clinicians and families must weigh the unknown benefit against the potential risks (including competition with validated therapies for time, effort, and financial resources). Δ There is little evidence that these treatments are effective but they have the potential to be harmful. ◊ There little evidence that these treatments are effective, but they have the potential for serious adverse events. § There is good evidence that these therapies are not effective. ¥ Therapeutic horseback riding is associated with a risk of injury similar to that in other "limited contact" recreational activities (eg, baseball, skating); appropriate supervision is necessary.