Browse the corpus

REFERENCES Pregnancy-Related Mortality Ratios, United States 1991-1999. CDC. MMWR Vol 52, ss-2, February 21, 2003. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Ectopic pregnancy--United States, 1990-1992. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995; 44:46. Bouyer J, Coste J, Fernandez H, et al. Sites of ectopic pregnancy: a 10 year population-based study of 1800 cases. Hum Reprod 2002; 17:3224. Atrash HK, Friede A, Hogue CJ. Abdominal pregnancy in the United States: frequency and maternal mortality. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 69:333. Dover RW, Powell MC. Management of a primary abdominal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 172:1603. Fisch B, Peled Y, Kaplan B, et al. Abdominal pregnancy following in vitro fertilization in a patient with previous bilateral salpingectomy. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 88:642. Binder DS. Thirteen-week abdominal pregnancy after hysterectomy. J Emerg Med 2003; 25:159. Fader AN, Mansuria S, Guido RS, Wiesenfeld HC. A 14-week abdominal pregnancy after total abdominal hysterectomy. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109:519. Varma R, Mascarenhas L, James D. Successful outcome of advanced abdominal pregnancy with exclusive omental insertion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003; 21:192. Onan MA, Turp AB, Saltik A, et al. Primary omental pregnancy: case report. Hum Reprod 2005; 20:807. Kitade M, Takeuchi H, Kikuchi I, et al. A case of simultaneous tubal-splenic pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril 2005; 83:1042. Cormio G, Santamato S, Vimercati A, Selvaggi L. Primary splenic pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med 2003; 48:479. Ludwig M, Kaisi M, Bauer O, Diedrich K. The forgotten child--a case of heterotopic, intra-abdominal and intrauterine pregnancy carried to term. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:1372. Shippey SH, Bhoola SM, Royek AB, Long ME. Diagnosis and management of hepatic ectopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109:544. Phupong V, Tekasakul P, Kankaew K. Broad ligament twin pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:144. Kalof AN, Fuller B, Harmon M. Splenic pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004; 128:e146. Fishman DA, Padilla LA, Joob A, Lurain JR. Ectopic pregnancy causing hemothorax managed by thoracoscopy and actinomycin D. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91:837. Tsudo T, Harada T, Yoshioka H, Terakawa N. Laparoscopic management of early primary abdominal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 90:687.

Kalof AN, Fuller B, Harmon M. Splenic pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004; 128:e146. Fishman DA, Padilla LA, Joob A, Lurain JR. Ectopic pregnancy causing hemothorax managed by thoracoscopy and actinomycin D. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91:837. Tsudo T, Harada T, Yoshioka H, Terakawa N. Laparoscopic management of early primary abdominal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 90:687. Rahman MS, Al-Suleiman SA, Rahman J, Al-Sibai MH. Advanced abdominal pregnancy--observations in 10 cases. Obstet Gynecol 1982; 59:366. Lamina MA, Akinyemi BO, Fakoya TA, et al. Abdominal pregnancy: a cause of failed induction of labour. Niger J Med 2005; 14:213. Deshpande N, Mathers A, Acharya U. Broad ligament twin pregnancy following in-vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:852. Morita Y, Tsutsumi O, Kuramochi K, et al. Successful laparoscopic management of primary abdominal pregnancy. Hum Reprod 1996; 11:2546. Jazayeri A, Davis TA, Contreras DN. Diagnosis and management of abdominal pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med 2002; 47:1047. Rahaman J, Berkowitz R, Mitty H, et al. Minimally invasive management of an advanced abdominal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 103:1064. Lockhat F, Corr P, Ramphal S, Moodley J. The value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and management of extra-uterine abdominal pregnancy. Clin Radiol 2006; 61:264. Tromans PM, Coulson R, Lobb MO, Abdulla U. Abdominal pregnancy associated with extremely elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein. Case report. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1984; 91:296. Pisarska MD, Casson PR, Moise KJ Jr, et al. Heterotopic abdominal pregnancy treated at laparoscopy. Fertil Steril 1998; 70:159. Olsen, M. Laparoscopic Treatment Of Intraligamentous Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1997: 89:862. Ginath S, Malinger G, Golan A, et al. Successful laparoscopic treatment of a ruptured primary abdominal pregnancy. Fertil Steril 2000; 74:601. Gerli S, Rossetti D, Baiocchi G, et al. Early ultrasonographic diagnosis and laparoscopic treatment of abdominal pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2004; 113:103. Cardosi RJ, Nackley AC, Londono J, Hoffman MS. Embolization for advanced abdominal pregnancy with a retained placenta. A case report. J Reprod Med 2002; 47:861. Zinger M, Rosenfeld D. Failed treatment of abdominal pregnancy with methotrexate. A case report. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:392.

Gerli S, Rossetti D, Baiocchi G, et al. Early ultrasonographic diagnosis and laparoscopic treatment of abdominal pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2004; 113:103. Cardosi RJ, Nackley AC, Londono J, Hoffman MS. Embolization for advanced abdominal pregnancy with a retained placenta. A case report. J Reprod Med 2002; 47:861. Zinger M, Rosenfeld D. Failed treatment of abdominal pregnancy with methotrexate. A case report. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:392. Beddock R, Naepels P, Gondry C, et al. [Diagnosis and current concepts of management of advanced abdominal pregnancy]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2004; 32:55. Oneko O, Petru E, Masenga G, et al. Management of the placenta in advanced abdominal pregnancies at an East african tertiary referral center. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2010; 19:1369. Mitra AG, LeQuire MH. Minimally invasive management of 14.5-week abdominal pregnancy without laparotomy: a novel approach using percutaneous sonographically guided feticide and systemic methotrexate. J Ultrasound Med 2003; 22:709. Cetinkaya MB, Kokcu A, Alper T. Follow up of the regression of the placenta left in situ in an advanced abdominal pregnancy using the Cavalieri method. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2005; 31:22. Oki T, Baba Y, Yoshinaga M, Douchi T. Super-selective arterial embolization for uncontrolled bleeding in abdominal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2008; 112:427. Ayinde OA, Aimakhu CO, Adeyanju OA, Omigbodun AO. Abdominal pregnancy at the University College Hospital, Ibadan: a ten-year review. Afr J Reprod Health 2005; 9:123. Stevens CA. Malformations and deformations in abdominal pregnancy. Am J Med Genet 1993; 47:1189. Worley KC, Hnat MD, Cunningham FG. Advanced extrauterine pregnancy: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198:297.e1. Odom SR, Gemer M, Muyco AP. Lithopedion presenting as intra-abdominal abscess and fecal fistula: report of a case and review of the literature. Am Surg 2006; 72:77. Lee CL, Wang CJ, Chao A, et al. Laparoscopic management of an ectopic pregnancy in a previous Caesarean section scar. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:1234. Valley MT, Pierce JG, Daniel TB, Kaunitz AM. Cesarean scar pregnancy: imaging and treatment with conservative surgery. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91:838. Rotas MA, Haberman S, Levgur M. Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancies: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:1373.

Lee CL, Wang CJ, Chao A, et al. Laparoscopic management of an ectopic pregnancy in a previous Caesarean section scar. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:1234. Valley MT, Pierce JG, Daniel TB, Kaunitz AM. Cesarean scar pregnancy: imaging and treatment with conservative surgery. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91:838. Rotas MA, Haberman S, Levgur M. Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancies: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:1373. Marchiolé P, Gorlero F, de Caro G, et al. Intramural pregnancy embedded in a previous Cesarean section scar treated conservatively. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2004; 23:307. Ash A, Smith A, Maxwell D. Caesarean scar pregnancy. BJOG 2007; 114:253. Vial Y, Petignat P, Hohlfeld P. Pregnancy in a cesarean scar. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 16:592. Graesslin O, Dedecker F Jr, Quereux C, Gabriel R. Conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy in a cesarean scar. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105:869. Armstrong V, Hansen WF, Van Voorhis BJ, Syrop CH. Detection of cesarean scars by transvaginal ultrasound. Obstet Gynecol 2003; 101:61. Monteagudo A, Carreno C, Timor-Tritsch IE. Saline infusion sonohysterography in nonpregnant women with previous cesarean delivery: the "niche" in the scar. J Ultrasound Med 2001; 20:1105. Ofili-Yebovi D, Ben-Nagi J, Sawyer E, et al. Deficient lower-segment Cesarean section scars: prevalence and risk factors. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 31:72. Shih JC. Cesarean scar pregnancy: diagnosis with three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and 3D power Doppler. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2004; 23:306. Shufaro Y, Nadjari M. Implantation of a gestational sac in a cesarean section scar. Fertil Steril 2001; 75:1217. Deans R, Abbott J. Hysteroscopic management of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:1735. Smith A, Ash A, Maxwell D. Sonographic diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy at 16 weeks. J Clin Ultrasound 2007; 35:212. Jurkovic D, Hillaby K, Woelfer B, et al. First-trimester diagnosis and management of pregnancies implanted into the lower uterine segment Cesarean section scar. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003; 21:220. Sugawara J, Senoo M, Chisaka H, et al. Successful conservative treatment of a cesarean scar pregnancy with uterine artery embolization. Tohoku J Exp Med 2005; 206:261.

Jurkovic D, Hillaby K, Woelfer B, et al. First-trimester diagnosis and management of pregnancies implanted into the lower uterine segment Cesarean section scar. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003; 21:220. Sugawara J, Senoo M, Chisaka H, et al. Successful conservative treatment of a cesarean scar pregnancy with uterine artery embolization. Tohoku J Exp Med 2005; 206:261. Yang MJ, Jeng MH. Combination of transarterial embolization of uterine arteries and conservative surgical treatment for pregnancy in a cesarean section scar. A report of 3 cases. J Reprod Med 2003; 48:213. Chou MM, Hwang JI, Tseng JJ, et al. Cesarean scar pregnancy: quantitative assessment of uterine neovascularization with 3-dimensional color power Doppler imaging and successful treatment with uterine artery embolization. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190:866. Ghezzi F, Laganà D, Franchi M, et al. Conservative treatment by chemotherapy and uterine arteries embolization of a cesarean scar pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2002; 103:88. Zhuang Y, Huang L. Uterine artery embolization compared with methotrexate for the management of pregnancy implanted within a cesarean scar. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 201:152.e1. Robinson JK, Dayal MB, Gindoff P, Frankfurter D. A novel surgical treatment for cesarean scar pregnancy: laparoscopically assisted operative hysteroscopy. Fertil Steril 2009; 92:1497.e13. Ben Nagi J, Helmy S, Ofili-Yebovi D, et al. Reproductive outcomes of women with a previous history of Caesarean scar ectopic pregnancies. Hum Reprod 2007; 22:2012. Seow KM, Huang LW, Lin YH, et al. Cesarean scar pregnancy: issues in management. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2004; 23:247. Seow KM, Hwang JL, Tsai YL, et al. Subsequent pregnancy outcome after conservative treatment of a previous cesarean scar pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004; 83:1167. Rosen T. Placenta accreta and cesarean scar pregnancy: overlooked costs of the rising cesarean section rate. Clin Perinatol 2008; 35:519. Reece EA, Petrie RH, Sirmans MF, et al. Combined intrauterine and extrauterine gestations: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 146:323. Pisarska MD, Carson SA. Incidence and risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1999; 42:2. Rojansky N, Schenker JG. Heterotopic pregnancy and assisted reproduction--an update. J Assist Reprod Genet 1996; 13:594.

Reece EA, Petrie RH, Sirmans MF, et al. Combined intrauterine and extrauterine gestations: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 146:323. Pisarska MD, Carson SA. Incidence and risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1999; 42:2. Rojansky N, Schenker JG. Heterotopic pregnancy and assisted reproduction--an update. J Assist Reprod Genet 1996; 13:594. Goldstein JS, Ratts VS, Philpott T, Dahan MH. Risk of surgery after use of potassium chloride for treatment of tubal heterotopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:506. Barrenetxea G, Barinaga-Rementeria L, Lopez de Larruzea A, et al. Heterotopic pregnancy: two cases and a comparative review. Fertil Steril 2007; 87:417.e9. Habana A, Dokras A, Giraldo JL, Jones EE. Cornual heterotopic pregnancy: contemporary management options. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182:1264. Hsieh BC, Hwang JL, Pan HS, et al. Heterotopic Caesarean scar pregnancy combined with intrauterine pregnancy successfully treated with embryo aspiration for selective embryo reduction: case report. Hum Reprod 2004; 19:285. Shojai R, Chaumoitre K, Chau C, et al. Advanced combined abdominal and intrauterine pregnancy: a case report. Fetal Diagn Ther 2007; 22:128. Hassiakos D, Bakas P, Pistofidis G, Creatsas G. Heterotopic pregnancy at 16 weeks of gestation after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2002; 266:124. Tal J, Haddad S, Gordon N, Timor-Tritsch I. Heterotopic pregnancy after ovulation induction and assisted reproductive technologies: a literature review from 1971 to 1993. Fertil Steril 1996; 66:1. Cheng PJ, Chueh HY, Qiu JT. Heterotopic pregnancy in a natural conception cycle presenting as hematometra. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104:1195. Seeber BE, Barnhart KT. Suspected ectopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:399. Clayton HB, Schieve LA, Peterson HB, et al. A comparison of heterotopic and intrauterine-only pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproductive technologies in the United States from 1999 to 2002. Fertil Steril 2007; 87:303. Louis-Sylvestre C, Morice P, Chapron C, Dubuisson JB. The role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of heterotopic pregnancies. Hum Reprod 1997; 12:1100. Goldberg JM, Bedaiwy MA. Transvaginal local injection of hyperosmolar glucose for the treatment of heterotopic pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:509.

Clayton HB, Schieve LA, Peterson HB, et al. A comparison of heterotopic and intrauterine-only pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproductive technologies in the United States from 1999 to 2002. Fertil Steril 2007; 87:303. Louis-Sylvestre C, Morice P, Chapron C, Dubuisson JB. The role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of heterotopic pregnancies. Hum Reprod 1997; 12:1100. Goldberg JM, Bedaiwy MA. Transvaginal local injection of hyperosmolar glucose for the treatment of heterotopic pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:509. Salomon LJ, Fernandez H, Chauveaud A, et al. Successful management of a heterotopic Caesarean scar pregnancy: potassium chloride injection with preservation of the intrauterine gestation: case report. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:189. Topic 5465 Version 7.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.6- C21.56 Licensed to: AsanBook Dig. Med. Lib. | Support Tag: [1104-183.166.191.243-4563C940AB-S244013.14]