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referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f40_34_41511

REFERENCES Finegold SM, George WL, Mulligan ME. Anaerobic infections. Part II. Dis Mon 1985; 31:1. Veillon, A, Zuber, A. Sur quelques microbes strictment anaerobies et leur role clans la pathologie humaine. C R Soc Biol (Paris) 1897; 49:253. Schottmueller, H. Allgemeinen krankenhaus hamburg-eppendorf. Mitt Grenzt Med Chir 1910; 21:450. Smith, DT. Fusospirochetal disease of the lungs, its bacteriology, pathology and experimental reproduction. Am Rev Tuberc 1927; 16:584. Smith, DT. Fusospirochetal disease of the lungs produced with cultures from Vincent's angina. J Infect Dis 1930; 46:303. Altemeier WA. THE BACTERIAL FLORA OF ACUTE PERFORATED APPENDICITIS WITH PERITONITIS: A BACTERIOLOGIC STUDY BASED UPON ONE HUNDRED CASES. Ann Surg 1938; 107:517. Altemeier, WA. The cause of the putrid odor of perforated appendicitis with peritonitis. Ann Surg 1938; 107:634. Gorbach SL, Bartlett JG. Anaerobic infections. 1. N Engl J Med 1974; 290:1177. Wilson WR, Martin WJ, Wilkowske CJ, Washington JA 2nd. Anaerobic bacteremia. Mayo Clin Proc 1972; 47:639. Cornick NA, Cuchural GJ Jr, Snydman DR, et al. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the Bacteroides fragilis group in the United States, 1987. J Antimicrob Chemother 1990; 25:1011. Finegold SM. Clinical relevance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1992; 11:1021. Tally FP, Cuchural GJ, Jacobus NV, et al. Susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis group in the United States in 1981. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1983; 23:536. Chandler MT, Morton ES, Byrd RP Jr, et al. Reevaluation of anaerobic blood cultures in a Veteran population. South Med J 2000; 93:986. James PA, al-Shafi KM. Clinical value of anaerobic blood culture: a retrospective analysis of positive patient episodes. J Clin Pathol 2000; 53:231. Iwata K, Takahashi M. Is anaerobic blood culture necessary? If so, who needs it? Am J Med Sci 2008; 336:58. Lassmann B, Gustafson DR, Wood CM, Rosenblatt JE. Reemergence of anaerobic bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:895. Sutter VL. Anaerobes as normal oral flora. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6 Suppl 1:S62. Eckburg PB, Bik EM, Bernstein CN, et al. Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora. Science 2005; 308:1635. Kuriyama T, Williams DW, Yanagisawa M, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 800 anaerobic isolates from patients with dentoalveolar infection to 13 oral antibiotics. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2007; 22:285.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f40_34_41511

Sutter VL. Anaerobes as normal oral flora. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6 Suppl 1:S62. Eckburg PB, Bik EM, Bernstein CN, et al. Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora. Science 2005; 308:1635. Kuriyama T, Williams DW, Yanagisawa M, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 800 anaerobic isolates from patients with dentoalveolar infection to 13 oral antibiotics. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2007; 22:285. Ishida T, Hashimoto T, Arita M, et al. Efficacy of transthoracic needle aspiration in community-acquired pneumonia. Intern Med 2001; 40:873. Bartlett JG. Anaerobic bacterial infections of the lung and pleural space. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16 Suppl 4:S248. Broido PW, Gorbach SL, Condon RE, Nyhus LM. Upper intestinal microfloral control. Effects of gastric acid and vagal denervation on bacterial concentrations. Arch Surg 1973; 106:90. Finegold SM, Attebery HR, Sutter VL. Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets. Am J Clin Nutr 1974; 27:1456. Moore WE, Holdeman LV. Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl Microbiol 1974; 27:961. Mackowiak PA. The normal microbial flora. N Engl J Med 1982; 307:83. Othman M, Agüero R, Lin HC. Alterations in intestinal microbial flora and human disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2008; 24:11. Lin HC. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a framework for understanding irritable bowel syndrome. JAMA 2004; 292:852. Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature 2006; 444:1022. Ley RE, Hamady M, Lozupone C, et al. Evolution of mammals and their gut microbes. Science 2008; 320:1647. Tilg H. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and microbiota: multiple interactions. J Clin Gastroenterol 2010; 44 Suppl 1:S16. van der Waaij D. Colonization resistance of the digestive tract: clinical consequences and implications. J Antimicrob Chemother 1982; 10:263. Bartlett JG. Clinical practice. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:334. Young VB, Schmidt TM. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea accompanied by large-scale alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiota. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:1203. Bartlett, JG, Polk, BF. Bacterial flora of the vagina: quantitative study. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6:567. Redondo-Lopez V, Cook RL, Sobel JD. Emerging role of lactobacilli in the control and maintenance of the vaginal bacterial microflora. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12:856.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f40_34_41511

Young VB, Schmidt TM. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea accompanied by large-scale alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiota. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:1203. Bartlett, JG, Polk, BF. Bacterial flora of the vagina: quantitative study. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6:567. Redondo-Lopez V, Cook RL, Sobel JD. Emerging role of lactobacilli in the control and maintenance of the vaginal bacterial microflora. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12:856. Hillier SL, Krohn MA, Klebanoff SJ, Eschenbach DA. The relationship of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli to bacterial vaginosis and genital microflora in pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79:369. Sautter RL, Brown WJ. Sequential vaginal cultures from normal young women. J Clin Microbiol 1980; 11:479. Hammerschlag MR, Alpert S, Rosner I, et al. Microbiology of the vagina in children: normal and potentially pathogenic organisms. Pediatrics 1978; 62:57. Goplerud CP, Ohm MJ, Galask RP. Aerobic and anaerobic flora of the cervix during pregnancy and the puerperium. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1976; 126:858. Ohm MJ, Galask RP. Bacterial flora of the cervix from 100 prehysterectomy patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975; 122:683. Ohm MJ, Galask RP. The effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on patients undergoing vaginal operations. II. Alterations of microbial flora. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975; 123:597. Spiegel CA. Bacterial vaginosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 1991; 4:485. Nielsen ML, Raahave D, Stage JG, Justesen T. Anaerobic and aerobic skin bacteria before and after skin-disinfection with chlorhexidine: an experimental study in volunteers. J Clin Pathol 1975; 28:793. Topic 5522 Version 5.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.4 - C21.36 Licensed to: Southeast Alabama Med Ctr | Support Tag: [0604-58.240.98.179-9F9DC17642-S244013.14]