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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Bacteriology of anaerobic infections of the lung Earlier series• Later seriesΔ Period reviewed 1968-1975 1976-1991 Number of cases 193 110 Total anaerobic isolates 461 404 Average anaerobic isolates per case 2.4 3.5 Number of isolates* Gram negative bacilli Fusobacterium nucleatum 56 34 FormerBacteroides species B. fragilis group 38 18 Pigmented Prevotella 76 63 Nonpigmented Prevotella - 40 B. ureolyticus - 23 Other 37 38 Peptostreptococci 87 39 Peptococci 39 - Gram positive bacilli Clostridium species 18 12 Eubacterium species 18 22 Actinomyces 5 19 Lactobacillus species 8 22 Propionibacterium species 10 9 Bifidobacterium species 9 4 Veillonella 23 18 * Differences in the two series partially reflect, taxonomic changes and variations in microbiologic methods. In the earlier series, the "black pigmented Bacteroides species" were reported as B. melaninogenicus, whereas the later series reported these according to reclassification as Prevotella melaninogenicus, P. intermedia, and P. asaccharolytica. For gram-positive cocci, the clinically important organisms formerly classified as Peptococcus have nearly all been reclassified as Peptostreptococcus. • Bartlett, JG. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16(Suppl 4):S248. Δ Marina, M et al. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16(Suppl 4):S256.