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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Antimicrobial agents available for treatment of acute otitis media: United States 2006 Most used drugs Others Amoxicillin Cephalexin Amoxicillin-clavulanate* Cefaclor Cefuroxime axetil* Loracarbef Ceftriaxone IM or IV* Cefixime Erythromycin + sulfisoxazole • Ceftibuten Azithromycin • Cefprozil Clarithromycin • Cefpodoxime Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole •Δ Cefdinir Ofloxacin otic ◊ Trimethoprim Ciprofloxacin-dexamethasone otic ◊ IM: intramuscular; IV: intravenous. * Usually used when amoxicillin fails. • Choices for penicillin-allergic patients. Δ Should be avoided if penicillin-resistant pneumococcus prevalent in the area. ◊ With tympanostomy tubes. Modified from: Bluestone CD, Klein JO. Epidemiology. In: Otitis media in infants and children, 4th ed, BC Decker, Hamilton, ON 2007. p.73.