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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Drug therapy for seizures in children (continued) Drug Dose Blood level Laboratory Starting Maintenance Oxcarbazepine 8-10 mg/kg/day 30-40 mg/kg/day 8-35 mcg/mL CBC/plts every 3 months for first 6 months, chemical panel prn (routine monitoring may not be necessary) Phenytoin, fosphenytoin (intravenous) 5 mg/kg/day 4-8 mg/kg/day (older children, adolescents 300 mg/day) 10-20 mcg/mL Routine lab tests not recommended Status elilepticus 20 mg/kg (fosphenytoin) Phenobarbital 3-4 mg/kg/day Infants 5-6 mg/kg/day 10-40 mcg/mL Routine lab tests not recommended Children 1-5 y.o. 6-8 mg/kg/day Primidone 1-2 mg/kg/day 10-25 mg/kg/day 5-12 mcg/mL (phenobarbital level 1.2 x higher) Routine lab tests not recommended Rufinamide 10 mg/kg/day 45 mg/kg/day Not established Routine lab tests not recommended Topiramate 1-3 mg/kg/day 5-9 mg/kg/day 5-20 mcg/mL CBC/plts, hepatic function tests, serum K when maximum dose reached or at 3-6 months Tiagibine <12 years 0.5 mg/kg/day Weekly increase 0.5-1 mg/kg/day with max 4-8 mg/kg/day (3-4 divided daily doses) Not established Routine lab tests not recommended >12 years 4 mg/day Increase 4 mg/week to max 32 mg/day (2-4 divided daily doses) Valproate 10-15 mg/kg/day 30-60 mg/kg/day 50-150 mcg/mL Hepatic function tests every 1-2 months Zonisamide 1-2 mg/kg/day 5-8 mg/kg/day 10-40 mcg/mL Serum electrolytes when maximum dose is reached or at 3-6 months CBC: complete blood count; max: maximum; plts: platelets; y.o.: years old