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Marsh JC, Socie G, Schrezenmeier H, et al. Haemopoietic growth factors in aplastic anaemia: a cautionary note. European Bone Marrow Transplant Working Party for Severe Aplastic Anaemia. Lancet 1994; 344:172. Socie G, Mary JY, Schrezenmeier H, et al. Granulocyte-stimulating factor and severe aplastic anemia: a survey by the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Blood 2007; 109:2794. Locasciulli A, Bruno B, Rambaldi A, et al. Treatment of severe aplastic anemia with antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine and two different granulocyte colony-stimulating factor regimens: a GITMO prospective randomized study. Haematologica 2004; 89:1054. Kojima S, Hibi S, Kosaka Y, et al. Immunosuppressive therapy using antithymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, and danazol with or without human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in children with acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 2000; 96:2049. Gluckman E, Rokicka-Milewska R, Hann I, et al. Results and follow-up of a phase III randomized study of recombinant human-granulocyte stimulating factor as support for immunosuppressive therapy in patients with severe aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 2002; 119:1075. Teramura M, Kimura A, Iwase S, et al. Treatment of severe aplastic anemia with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporin A with or without G-CSF in adults: a multicenter randomized study in Japan. Blood 2007; 110:1756. Tichelli A, Schrezenmeier H, Socié G, et al. A randomized controlled study in patients with newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG), cyclosporine, with or without G-CSF: a study of the SAA Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Blood 2011; 117:4434. Deyell RJ, Shereck EB, Milner RA, Schultz KR. Immunosuppressive therapy without hematopoietic growth factor exposure in pediatric acquired aplastic anemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2011; 28:469. Scheinberg P, Nunez O, Wu C, Young NS. Treatment of severe aplastic anaemia with combined immunosuppression: anti-thymocyte globulin, ciclosporin and mycophenolate mofetil. Br J Haematol 2006; 133:606. Brown KE, Tisdale J, Barrett AJ, et al. Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1059. Dearden C, Foukaneli T, Lee P, et al. The incidence and significance of fevers during treatment with antithymocyte globulin for aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 1998; 103:846.
Scheinberg P, Nunez O, Wu C, Young NS. Treatment of severe aplastic anaemia with combined immunosuppression: anti-thymocyte globulin, ciclosporin and mycophenolate mofetil. Br J Haematol 2006; 133:606. Brown KE, Tisdale J, Barrett AJ, et al. Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1059. Dearden C, Foukaneli T, Lee P, et al. The incidence and significance of fevers during treatment with antithymocyte globulin for aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 1998; 103:846. Marsh JC, Bacigalupo A, Schrezenmeier H, et al. Prospective study of rabbit antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine for aplastic anemia from the EBMT Severe Aplastic Anaemia Working Party. Blood 2012; 119:5391. Yoshimi A, Niemeyer CM, Führer MM, Strahm B. Comparison of the efficacy of rabbit and horse antithymocyte globulin for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia in children. Blood 2013; 121:860. Takahashi Y, Muramatsu H, Sakata N, et al. Rabbit antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine as first-line therapy for children with acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 2013; 121:862. Brodsky RA, Sensenbrenner LL, Jones RJ. Complete remission in severe aplastic anemia after high-dose cyclophosphamide without bone marrow transplantation. Blood 1996; 87:491. Brodsky RA, Sensenbrenner LL, Smith BD, et al. Durable treatment-free remission after high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy for previously untreated severe aplastic anemia. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135:477. Brodsky RA, Chen AR, Dorr D, et al. High-dose cyclophosphamide for severe aplastic anemia: long-term follow-up. Blood 2010; 115:2136. DeZern AE, Petri M, Drachman DB, et al. High-dose cyclophosphamide without stem cell rescue in 207 patients with aplastic anemia and other autoimmune diseases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2011; 90:89. Tisdale JF, Dunn DE, Geller N, et al. High-dose cyclophosphamide in severe aplastic anaemia: a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 356:1554. Abkowitz JL. Aplastic anemia: which treatment?. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135:524. Socié G. Cyclophosphamide in aplastic anemia? Blood 2010; 115:2120. Brodsky RA, Chen AR, Brodsky I, Jones RJ. High-dose cyclophosphamide as salvage therapy for severe aplastic anemia. Exp Hematol 2004; 32:435. Zhang F, Zhang L, Jing L, et al. High-dose cyclophosphamide compared with antithymocyte globulin for treatment of acquired severe aplastic anemia. Exp Hematol 2013.
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Di Bona E, Rodeghiero F, Bruno B, et al. Rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) plus cyclosporine and granulocyte colony stimulating factor is an effective treatment for aplastic anaemia patients unresponsive to a first course of intensive immunosuppressive therapy. Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Midollo Osseo (GITMO). Br J Haematol 1999; 107:330. Kosaka Y, Yagasaki H, Sano K, et al. Prospective multicenter trial comparing repeated immunosuppressive therapy with stem-cell transplantation from an alternative donor as second-line treatment for children with severe and very severe aplastic anemia. Blood 2008; 111:1054. Sloand EM, Read EJ, Scheinberg P, et al. Mobilization, collection, and immunomagnetic selection of peripheral blood CD34 cells in recovered aplastic anemia patients. Transfusion 2007; 47:1250. Füreder W, Valent P. Treatment of refractory or relapsed acquired aplastic anemia: review of established and experimental approaches. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:1435. Risitano AM, Schrezenmeier H. Alternative immunosuppression in patients failing immunosuppression with ATG who are not transplant candidates: Campath (Alemtuzumab). Bone Marrow Transplant 2013; 48:186. Scheinberg P, Nunez O, Weinstein B, et al. Activity of alemtuzumab monotherapy in treatment-naive, relapsed, and refractory severe acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 2012; 119:345. Tang Y, Chen J, Young NS. Expansion of haematopoietic stem cells from normal donors and bone marrow failure patients by recombinant hoxb4. Br J Haematol 2009; 144:603. Risitano AM, Selleri C, Serio B, et al. Alemtuzumab is safe and effective as immunosuppressive treatment for aplastic anaemia and single-lineage marrow failure: a pilot study and a survey from the EBMT WPSAA. Br J Haematol 2010; 148:791. Kim H, Min YJ, Baek JH, et al. A pilot dose-escalating study of alemtuzumab plus cyclosporine for patients with bone marrow failure syndrome. Leuk Res 2009; 33:222. Gómez-Almaguer D, Jaime-Pérez JC, Garza-Rodríguez V, et al. Subcutaneous alemtuzumab plus cyclosporine for the treatment of aplastic anemia. Ann Hematol 2010; 89:299. Olnes MJ, Scheinberg P, Calvo KR, et al. Eltrombopag and improved hematopoiesis in refractory aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:11. Oshima Y, Yuji K, Tojo A. Eltrombopag in refractory aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1162; author reply 1163.
Gómez-Almaguer D, Jaime-Pérez JC, Garza-Rodríguez V, et al. Subcutaneous alemtuzumab plus cyclosporine for the treatment of aplastic anemia. Ann Hematol 2010; 89:299. Olnes MJ, Scheinberg P, Calvo KR, et al. Eltrombopag and improved hematopoiesis in refractory aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:11. Oshima Y, Yuji K, Tojo A. Eltrombopag in refractory aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1162; author reply 1163. Kaito K, Kobayashi M, Katayama T, et al. Long-term administration of G-CSF for aplastic anaemia is closely related to the early evolution of monosomy 7 MDS in adults. Br J Haematol 1998; 103:297. Ohara A, Kojima S, Hamajima N, et al. Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia as a late clonal complication in children with acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 1997; 90:1009. Locasciulli A, Arcese W, Locatelli F, et al. Treatment of aplastic anaemia with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and risk of malignancy. Italian Aplastic Anaemia Study Group. Lancet 2001; 357:43. Griscelli-Bennaceur A, Gluckman E, Scrobohaci ML, et al. Aplastic anemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: search for a pathogenetic link. Blood 1995; 85:1354. Schubert J, Vogt HG, Zielinska-Skowronek M, et al. Development of the glycosylphosphatitylinositol-anchoring defect characteristic for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in patients with aplastic anemia. Blood 1994; 83:2323. Scheinberg P, Marte M, Nunez O, Young NS. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clones in severe aplastic anemia patients treated with horse anti-thymocyte globulin plus cyclosporine. Haematologica 2010; 95:1075. Dunn DE, Tanawattanacharoen P, Boccuni P, et al. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria cells in patients with bone marrow failure syndromes. Ann Intern Med 1999; 131:401. Piaggio G, Podestà M, Pitto A, et al. Coexistence of normal and clonal haemopoiesis in aplastic anaemia patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Br J Haematol 1999; 107:505. Maciejewski JP, Risitano A, Sloand EM, et al. Distinct clinical outcomes for cytogenetic abnormalities evolving from aplastic anemia. Blood 2002; 99:3129. Strasser SI, McDonald GB. Hepatitis viruses and hematopoietic cell transplantation: A guide to patient and donor management. Blood 1999; 93:1127. Tichelli A, Socié G, Marsh J, et al. Outcome of pregnancy and disease course among women with aplastic anemia treated with immunosuppression. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137:164.
Maciejewski JP, Risitano A, Sloand EM, et al. Distinct clinical outcomes for cytogenetic abnormalities evolving from aplastic anemia. Blood 2002; 99:3129. Strasser SI, McDonald GB. Hepatitis viruses and hematopoietic cell transplantation: A guide to patient and donor management. Blood 1999; 93:1127. Tichelli A, Socié G, Marsh J, et al. Outcome of pregnancy and disease course among women with aplastic anemia treated with immunosuppression. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137:164. Topic 7158 Version 25.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.6- C21.56 Licensed to: AsanBook Dig. Med. Lib. | Support Tag: [0603-218.28.111.102-5CC63B1F68-S244013.14]