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Olday J, Currie E, Drummond GB. The incidence of flushing on induction of anaesthesia in patients who blush easily. Anaesthesia 2003; 58:275. Wilkin JK. Does monosodium glutamate cause flushing (or merely "glutamania")? J Am Acad Dermatol 1986; 15:225. Geha RS, Beiser A, Ren C, et al. Review of alleged reaction to monosodium glutamate and outcome of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Nutr 2000; 130:1058S. Eriksson CJ, Fukunaga T, Sarkola T, et al. Functional relevance of human adh polymorphism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001; 25:157S. Oroszi G, Goldman D. Alcoholism: genes and mechanisms. Pharmacogenomics 2004; 5:1037. Chao HM. Alcohol and the mystique of flushing. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1995; 19:104. Morita M, Kumashiro R, Kubo N, et al. Alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, and the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: epidemiology, clinical findings, and prevention. Int J Clin Oncol 2010; 15:126. Fellner MJ, Ledesma GN. The red face: drugs, chemicals and other causes. Clin Dermatol 1993; 11:315. Ogunleye T, James WD. Ethanol-induced flushing with topical pimecrolimus use. Dermatitis 2008; 19:E1. Melmon KL, Sjoerdsma A, Mason DT. Distinctive clinical and therapeutic aspects of the syndrome associated with bronchial carcinoid tumors. Am J Med 1965; 39:568. Soter NA. Mastocytosis and the skin. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000; 14:537. Hamilton MJ, Hornick JL, Akin C, et al. Mast cell activation syndrome: a newly recognized disorder with systemic clinical manifestations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:147. Aaronson DW. Flushing as a symptom of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103:715. Hammar M, Berg G. Clonidine in the treatment of menopausal flushing. A review of clinical studies. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl 1985; 132:29. Nelson HD, Vesco KK, Haney E, et al. Nonhormonal therapies for menopausal hot flashes: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2006; 295:2057. Wilkin JK. Effect of subdepressor clonidine on flushing reactions in rosacea. Change in malar thermal circulation index during provoked flushing reactions. Arch Dermatol 1983; 119:211. Wilkin JK. Effect of nadolol on flushing reactions in rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20:202. Sterodimas A, Nicolaou M, Paes TR. Successful use of Botulinum toxin-A for the treatment of neck and anterior chest wall flushing. Clin Exp Dermatol 2003; 28:592.

Wilkin JK. Effect of subdepressor clonidine on flushing reactions in rosacea. Change in malar thermal circulation index during provoked flushing reactions. Arch Dermatol 1983; 119:211. Wilkin JK. Effect of nadolol on flushing reactions in rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20:202. Sterodimas A, Nicolaou M, Paes TR. Successful use of Botulinum toxin-A for the treatment of neck and anterior chest wall flushing. Clin Exp Dermatol 2003; 28:592. Drummond PD. A caution about surgical treatment for facial blushing. Br J Dermatol 2000; 142:194. Topic 2782 Version 12.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.6- C21.56 Licensed to: AsanBook Dig. Med. Lib. | Support Tag: [0503-1.234.2.38-35693F307E-S244013.14]