Browse the corpus

REFERENCES Wilkins BS. The spleen. Br J Haematol 2002; 117:265. Rodeghiero F, Ruggeri M. Short- and long-term risks of splenectomy for benign haematological disorders: should we revisit the indications? Br J Haematol 2012; 158:16. Crary SE, Buchanan GR. Vascular complications after splenectomy for hematologic disorders. Blood 2009; 114:2861. Gielchinsky Y, Elstein D, Hadas-Halpern I, et al. Is there a correlation between degree of splenomegaly, symptoms and hypersplenism? A study of 218 patients with Gaucher disease. Br J Haematol 1999; 106:812. Buffet PA, Milon G, Brousse V, et al. Ex vivo perfusion of human spleens maintains clearing and processing functions. Blood 2006; 107:3745. Logan A, Berube C, Gotlib J. Accessory splenules in autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:156. Bernaudin F, Socie G, Kuentz M, et al. Long-term results of related myeloablative stem-cell transplantation to cure sickle cell disease. Blood 2007; 110:2749. Pearson HA, Cornelius EA, Schwartz AD, et al. Transfusion-reversible functional asplenia in young children with sickle-cell anemia. N Engl J Med 1970; 283:334. Wethers DL, Grover R. Reversibility of splenic function by transfusion in two young adults with sickle cell anemia. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1987; 9:209. Aster RH. Pooling of platelets in the spleen: role in the pathogenesis of "hypersplenic" thrombocytopenia. J Clin Invest 1966; 45:645. Santos A, Pinheiro V, Anjos C, et al. Scintigraphic follow-up of the effects of therapy with hydroxyurea on splenic function in patients with sickle cell disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2002; 29:536. Powsner RA, Simms RW, Chudnovsky A, et al. Scintigraphic functional hyposplenism in amyloidosis. J Nucl Med 1998; 39:221. Yücel AE, Durak H, Bernay I, et al. Functional asplenia and portal hypertension in a patient with primary splenic hemangiosarcoma. Clin Nucl Med 1990; 15:324. Fishman D, Isenberg DA. Splenic involvement in rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997; 27:141. Piliero P, Furie R. Functional asplenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1990; 20:185. Muller AF, Cornford E, Toghill PJ. Splenic function in inflammatory bowel disease: assessment by differential interference microscopy and splenic ultrasound. Q J Med 1993; 86:333. Di Sabatino A, Carsetti R, Corazza GR. Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states. Lancet 2011; 378:86.

Piliero P, Furie R. Functional asplenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1990; 20:185. Muller AF, Cornford E, Toghill PJ. Splenic function in inflammatory bowel disease: assessment by differential interference microscopy and splenic ultrasound. Q J Med 1993; 86:333. Di Sabatino A, Carsetti R, Corazza GR. Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states. Lancet 2011; 378:86. Rogers ZR, Wang WC, Luo Z, et al. Biomarkers of splenic function in infants with sickle cell anemia: baseline data from the BABY HUG Trial. Blood 2011; 117:2614. Lammers AJ, de Porto AP, Bennink RJ, et al. Hyposplenism: comparison of different methods for determining splenic function. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:484. Prendki V, Ndour PA, Jais X, et al. Reduced deformability of circulating erythrocytes: a marker of hyposplenism. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:E81. Harrod VL, Howard TA, Zimmerman SA, et al. Quantitative analysis of Howell-Jolly bodies in children with sickle cell disease. Exp Hematol 2007; 35:179. Corazza GR, Ginaldi L, Zoli G, et al. Howell-Jolly body counting as a measure of splenic function. A reassessment. Clin Lab Haematol 1990; 12:269. Corazza GR, Tarozzi C, Vaira D, et al. Return of splenic function after splenectomy: how much tissue is needed? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984; 289:861. Brancatelli G, Vilgrain V, Zappa M, Lagalla R. Case 80: splenosis. Radiology 2005; 234:728. Kiser JW, Fagien M, Clore FF. Splenosis mimicking a left renal mass. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 167:1508. Lake ST, Johnson PT, Kawamoto S, et al. CT of splenosis: patterns and pitfalls. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012; 199:W686. White CS, Meyer CA. General case of the day. Thoracic splenosis. Radiographics 1998; 18:255. Khosravi MR, Margulies DR, Alsabeh R, et al. Consider the diagnosis of splenosis for soft tissue masses long after any splenic injury. Am Surg 2004; 70:967. Backhus LM, Bremner RM. Images in clinical medicine. Intrathoracic splenosis after remote trauma. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1811. Massey MD, Stevens JS. Residual spleen found on denatured red blood cell scan following negative colloid scans. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:2286. Fremont RD, Rice TW. Splenosis: a review. South Med J 2007; 100:589. Ting W, Silverman NA, Arzouman DA, Levitsky S. Splenic septic emboli in endocarditis. Circulation 1990; 82:IV105. Robinson SL, Saxe JM, Lucas CE, et al. Splenic abscess associated with endocarditis. Surgery 1992; 112:781.

Massey MD, Stevens JS. Residual spleen found on denatured red blood cell scan following negative colloid scans. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:2286. Fremont RD, Rice TW. Splenosis: a review. South Med J 2007; 100:589. Ting W, Silverman NA, Arzouman DA, Levitsky S. Splenic septic emboli in endocarditis. Circulation 1990; 82:IV105. Robinson SL, Saxe JM, Lucas CE, et al. Splenic abscess associated with endocarditis. Surgery 1992; 112:781. Johnson JD, Raff MJ, Barnwell PA, Chun CH. Splenic abscess complicating infectious endocarditis. Arch Intern Med 1983; 143:906. Brook I, Frazier EH. Microbiology of liver and spleen abscesses. J Med Microbiol 1998; 47:1075. Lee CH, Leu HS, Hu TH, Liu JW. Splenic abscess in southern Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2004; 37:39. Ebright JR, Alam E, Ahmed H, et al. Splenic infarction and abscess in the setting of infective endocarditis. Infect Dis Clin Pract 2007; 15:17. Lawrence YR, Pokroy R, Berlowitz D, et al. Splenic infarction: an update on William Osler's observations. Isr Med Assoc J 2010; 12:362. Nores M, Phillips EH, Morgenstern L, Hiatt JR. The clinical spectrum of splenic infarction. Am Surg 1998; 64:182. Görg C, Seifart U, Görg K. Acute, complete splenic infarction in cancer patient is associated with a fatal outcome. Abdom Imaging 2004; 29:224. Beeson MS. Splenic infarct presenting as acute abdominal pain in an older patient. J Emerg Med 1996; 14:319. Barkun AN, Camus M, Green L, et al. The bedside assessment of splenic enlargement. Am J Med 1991; 91:512. Haan JM, Bochicchio GV, Kramer N, Scalea TM. Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury: a 5-year experience. J Trauma 2005; 58:492. Franklin QJ, Compeggie M. Splenic syndrome in sickle cell trait: four case presentations and a review of the literature. Mil Med 1999; 164:230. Jama AH, Salem AH, Dabbous IA. Massive splenic infarction in Saudi patients with sickle cell anemia: a unique manifestation. Am J Hematol 2002; 69:205. Al-Salem AH, Naserullah Z, Qaisaruddin S, et al. Splenic complications of the sickling syndromes and the role of splenectomy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1999; 21:401. Dasanu CA, Codreanu I. Images in clinical medicine. Splenic calcification. N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1042. Liu Y, Wang X, Wu J. Continuous long-term albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2000; 113:827.

Al-Salem AH, Naserullah Z, Qaisaruddin S, et al. Splenic complications of the sickling syndromes and the role of splenectomy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1999; 21:401. Dasanu CA, Codreanu I. Images in clinical medicine. Splenic calcification. N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1042. Liu Y, Wang X, Wu J. Continuous long-term albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2000; 113:827. Abbas MA, Stone WM, Fowl RJ, et al. Splenic artery aneurysms: two decades experience at Mayo clinic. Ann Vasc Surg 2002; 16:442. Yamazaki K. A case of splenic lymphoma with marked diffuse nodular fibrosis and calcification, complicated with severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2003; 35:17. Ruiz Carazo E, Muñoz Parra F, Jiménez Villares MP, et al. Hepatosplenic brucelloma: clinical presentation and imaging features in six cases. Abdom Imaging 2005; 30:291. Wan YL, Cheung YC, Lui KW, et al. Ultrasonographic findings and differentiation of benign and malignant focal splenic lesions. Postgrad Med J 2000; 76:488. Ha HK, Jung JI, Lee MS, et al. CT differentiation of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 167:743. Kinoshita T, Ishii K, Yajima Y, et al. Splenic hemangiosarcoma with massive calcification. Abdom Imaging 1999; 24:185. Ros PR, Moser RP Jr, Dachman AH, et al. Hemangioma of the spleen: radiologic-pathologic correlation in ten cases. Radiology 1987; 162:73. Fyfe AJ, Gallipoli P. Multiple splenic calcifications. Br J Haematol 2009; 144:808. Sagoh T, Itoh K, Togashi K, et al. Gamna-Gandy bodies of the spleen: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology 1989; 172:685. Hansen MB, Moller AC. Splenic cysts. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2004; 14:316. Warshauer DM, Hall HL. Solitary splenic lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006; 27:370. Gianom D, Wildisen A, Hotz T, et al. Open and laparoscopic treatment of nonparasitic splenic cysts. Dig Surg 2003; 20:74. Chin EH, Shapiro R, Hazzan D, et al. A ten-year experience with laparoscopic treatment of splenic cysts. JSLS 2007; 11:20. Mertens J, Penninckx F, DeWever I, Topal B. Long-term outcome after surgical treatment of nonparasitic splenic cysts. Surg Endosc 2007; 21:206. Renzulli P, Hostettler A, Schoepfer AM, et al. Systematic review of atraumatic splenic rupture. Br J Surg 2009; 96:1114.

Chin EH, Shapiro R, Hazzan D, et al. A ten-year experience with laparoscopic treatment of splenic cysts. JSLS 2007; 11:20. Mertens J, Penninckx F, DeWever I, Topal B. Long-term outcome after surgical treatment of nonparasitic splenic cysts. Surg Endosc 2007; 21:206. Renzulli P, Hostettler A, Schoepfer AM, et al. Systematic review of atraumatic splenic rupture. Br J Surg 2009; 96:1114. ��olovi�� R, ��olovi�� N, Grubor N, Kaitovi�� M. [Symptomatic calcified splenic artery aneurysm: case report]. Srp Arh Celok Lek 2010; 138:760. Rahmoune FC, Aya G, Biard M, et al. [Splenic artery aneurysm rupture in late pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2011; 30:156. Saba L, Anzidei M, Lucatelli P, Mallarini G. The multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) in the diagnosis of splenic artery aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm. Acta Radiol 2011; 52:488. Lakin RO, Bena JF, Sarac TP, et al. The contemporary management of splenic artery aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2011; 53:958. Giulianotti PC, Buchs NC, Coratti A, et al. Robot-assisted treatment of splenic artery aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 2011; 25:377. Maillard M, Novellas S, Baudin G, et al. [Splenic artery aneurysm: diagnosis and endovascular therapy]. J Radiol 2010; 91:1103. Picardi M, Martinelli V, Ciancia R, et al. Measurement of spleen volume by ultrasound scanning in patients with thrombocytosis: a prospective study. Blood 2002; 99:4228. McIntyre OR, Ebaugh FG Jr. Palpable spleens in college freshmen. Ann Intern Med 1967; 66:301. Tamayo SG, Rickman LS, Mathews WC, et al. Examiner dependence on physical diagnostic tests for the detection of splenomegaly: a prospective study with multiple observers. J Gen Intern Med 1993; 8:69. Yang JC, Rickman LS, Bosser SK. The clinical diagnosis of splenomegaly. West J Med 1991; 155:47. Chongtham DS, Singh MM, Kalantri SP, Pathak S. Accuracy of palpation and percussion manoeuvres in the diagnosis of splenomegaly. Indian J Med Sci 1997; 51:409. Verghese A, Krish G, Karnad A. Ludwig Traube. The man and his space. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152:701. Barkun AN, Camus M, Meagher T, et al. Splenic enlargement and Traube's space: how useful is percussion? Am J Med 1989; 87:562. Aito H. The estimation of the size of the spleen by radiological methods. A comparative radiographic, gamma imaging and ultrasonic study. Ann Clin Res 1974; 6 Suppl 15:1.

Verghese A, Krish G, Karnad A. Ludwig Traube. The man and his space. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152:701. Barkun AN, Camus M, Meagher T, et al. Splenic enlargement and Traube's space: how useful is percussion? Am J Med 1989; 87:562. Aito H. The estimation of the size of the spleen by radiological methods. A comparative radiographic, gamma imaging and ultrasonic study. Ann Clin Res 1974; 6 Suppl 15:1. Silverman S, DeNardo Gl, Glatstein E, Lipton MJ. Evaluation of the liver and spleen in Hodgkin's disease. II. The value of splenic scintigraphy. Am J Med 1972; 52:362. Downey MT. Estimation of splenic weight from ultrasonographic measurements. Can Assoc Radiol J 1992; 43:273. Doll M, Schölmerich J, Spamer C, et al. [Clinical significance of sonographically detected splenomegaly]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1986; 111:887. Platzbecker U, Prange-Krex G, Bornhäuser M, et al. Spleen enlargement in healthy donors during G-CSF mobilization of PBPCs. Transfusion 2001; 41:184. Arkles LB, Gill GD, Molan MP. A palpable spleen is not necessarily enlarged or pathological. Med J Aust 1986; 145:15. Bezerra AS, D'Ippolito G, Faintuch S, et al. Determination of splenomegaly by CT: is there a place for a single measurement? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184:1510. BLACKBURN CR. On the clinical detection of enlargement of the spleen. Australas Ann Med 1953; 2:78. Dittrich M, Milde S, Dinkel E, et al. Sonographic biometry of liver and spleen size in childhood. Pediatr Radiol 1983; 13:206. Stroncek D, Shawker T, Follmann D, Leitman SF. G-CSF-induced spleen size changes in peripheral blood progenitor cell donors. Transfusion 2003; 43:609. Chun YS, Robu VG. Spectrum of primary vascular neoplasms of the spleen. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:e116. Compérat E, Bardier-Dupas A, Camparo P, et al. Splenic metastases: clinicopathologic presentation, differential diagnosis, and pathogenesis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007; 131:965. O'Reilly RA. Splenomegaly in 2,505 patients at a large university medical center from 1913 to 1995. 1963 to 1995: 449 patients. West J Med 1998; 169:88. Monterroso J, Chandana S. Images in clinical medicine. Massive splenomegaly in hairy-cell leukemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:2133. Bedu-Addo G, Bates I. Causes of massive tropical splenomegaly in Ghana. Lancet 2002; 360:449. Kamaya A, Weinstein S, Desser TS. Multiple lesions of the spleen: differential diagnosis of cystic and solid lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006; 27:389.

Monterroso J, Chandana S. Images in clinical medicine. Massive splenomegaly in hairy-cell leukemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:2133. Bedu-Addo G, Bates I. Causes of massive tropical splenomegaly in Ghana. Lancet 2002; 360:449. Kamaya A, Weinstein S, Desser TS. Multiple lesions of the spleen: differential diagnosis of cystic and solid lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006; 27:389. Paterson A, Frush DP, Donnelly LF, et al. A pattern-oriented approach to splenic imaging in infants and children. Radiographics 1999; 19:1465. Metser U, Even-Sapir E. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of solid splenic masses. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006; 27:420. Harris NL III. The patient with splenomegaly and lymphocytosis: A diagnostic dilemma. In: Hematology 1998: The American Society of Hematology education program book. p.99. Iannitto E, Tripodo C. How I diagnose and treat splenic lymphomas. Blood 2011; 117:2585. Makrin V, Avital S, White I, et al. Laparoscopic splenectomy for solitary splenic tumors. Surg Endosc 2008; 22:2009. Shapiro AJ, Adams ED. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen managed laparoscopically. Can preoperative imaging establish the diagnosis? Case report and literature review. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2006; 16:357. Kraus MD, Fleming MD, Vonderheide RH. The spleen as a diagnostic specimen: a review of 10 years' experience at two tertiary care institutions. Cancer 2001; 91:2001. Carr JA, Shurafa M, Velanovich V. Surgical indications in idiopathic splenomegaly. Arch Surg 2002; 137:64. Pottakkat B, Kashyap R, Kumar A, et al. Redefining the role of splenectomy in patients with idiopathic splenomegaly. ANZ J Surg 2006; 76:679. Lindgren PG, Hagberg H, Eriksson B, et al. Excision biopsy of the spleen by ultrasonic guidance. Br J Radiol 1985; 58:853. Silverman JF, Geisinger KR, Raab SS, Stanley MW. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the spleen in the evaluation of neoplastic disorders. Acta Cytol 1993; 37:158. Moriarty AT, Schwenk GR Jr, Chua G. Splenic fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphoreticular diseases. A report of four cases. Acta Cytol 1993; 37:191. Civardi G, Vallisa D, Bertè R, et al. Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of the spleen: high clinical efficacy and low risk in a multicenter Italian study. Am J Hematol 2001; 67:93.

Moriarty AT, Schwenk GR Jr, Chua G. Splenic fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphoreticular diseases. A report of four cases. Acta Cytol 1993; 37:191. Civardi G, Vallisa D, Bertè R, et al. Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of the spleen: high clinical efficacy and low risk in a multicenter Italian study. Am J Hematol 2001; 67:93. Lieberman S, Libson E, Maly B, et al. Imaging-guided percutaneous splenic biopsy using a 20- or 22-gauge cutting-edge core biopsy needle for the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003; 181:1025. Gómez-Rubio M, López-Cano A, Rendón P, et al. Safety and diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy of the spleen: a multicenter study. J Clin Ultrasound 2009; 37:445. McInnes MD, Kielar AZ, Macdonald DB. Percutaneous image-guided biopsy of the spleen: systematic review and meta-analysis of the complication rate and diagnostic accuracy. Radiology 2011; 260:699. Topic 7134 Version 24.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.6- C21.56 Licensed to: AsanBook Dig. Med. Lib. | Support Tag: [0605-61.234.146.186-A1F0AAE071-S244013.14]