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referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f8_42_8872

REFERENCES American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force, Kloos RT, Eng C, et al. Medullary thyroid cancer: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid 2009; 19:565. Raue F, Frank-Raue K, Grauer A. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Clinical features and screening. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1994; 23:137. Gagel RF, Robinson MF, Donovan DT, Alford BR. Clinical review 44: Medullary thyroid carcinoma: recent progress. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 76:809. Scollo C, Baudin E, Travagli JP, et al. Rationale for central and bilateral lymph node dissection in sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:2070. Moley JF. Medullary thyroid carcinoma: management of lymph node metastases. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2010; 8:549. Machens A, Hauptmann S, Dralle H. Prediction of lateral lymph node metastases in medullary thyroid cancer. Br J Surg 2008; 95:586. Wells SA Jr, Dilley WG, Farndon JA, et al. Early diagnosis and treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145:1248. O'Riordain DS, O'Brien T, Crotty TB, et al. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B: more than an endocrine disorder. Surgery 1995; 118:936. Skinner MA, Moley JA, Dilley WG, et al. Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:1105. Frank-Raue K, Rondot S, Raue F. Molecular genetics and phenomics of RET mutations: Impact on prognosis of MTC. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 322:2. Clark OH, Ajani J, Benson AB 3rd, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2006; 4:102. Marini F, Falchetti A, Del Monte F, et al. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006; 1:45. Machens A, Dralle H. Genotype-phenotype based surgical concept of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg 2007; 31:957. Gimm O, Marsh DJ, Andrew SD, et al. Germline dinucleotide mutation in codon 883 of the RET proto-oncogene in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B without codon 918 mutation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:3902. Smith DP, Houghton C, Ponder BA. Germline mutation of RET codon 883 in two cases of de novo MEN 2B. Oncogene 1997; 15:1213. Cranston AN, Carniti C, Oakhill K, et al. RET is constitutively activated by novel tandem mutations that alter the active site resulting in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B. Cancer Res 2006; 66:10179.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f8_42_8872

Smith DP, Houghton C, Ponder BA. Germline mutation of RET codon 883 in two cases of de novo MEN 2B. Oncogene 1997; 15:1213. Cranston AN, Carniti C, Oakhill K, et al. RET is constitutively activated by novel tandem mutations that alter the active site resulting in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B. Cancer Res 2006; 66:10179. Miyauchi A, Futami H, Hai N, et al. Two germline missense mutations at codons 804 and 806 of the RET proto-oncogene in the same allele in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B without codon 918 mutation. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999; 90:1. Kameyama K, Okinaga H, Takami H. RET oncogene mutations in 75 cases of familial medullary thyroid carcinoma in Japan. Biomed Pharmacother 2004; 58:345. Iwashita T, Murakami H, Kurokawa K, et al. A two-hit model for development of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B by RET mutations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 268:804. Menko FH, van der Luijt RB, de Valk IA, et al. Atypical MEN type 2B associated with two germline RET mutations on the same allele not involving codon 918. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87:393. Duh QY, Sancho JJ, Greenspan FS, et al. Medullary thyroid carcinoma. The need for early diagnosis and total thyroidectomy. Arch Surg 1989; 124:1206. Machens A, Ukkat J, Brauckhoff M, et al. Advances in the management of hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Intern Med 2005; 257:50. Lips CJ, Höppener JW, Van Nesselrooij BP, Van der Luijt RB. Counselling in multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes: from individual experience to general guidelines. J Intern Med 2005; 257:69. Yip L, Cote GJ, Shapiro SE, et al. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: evaluation of the genotype-phenotype relationship. Arch Surg 2003; 138:409. Machens A, Niccoli-Sire P, Hoegel J, et al. Early malignant progression of hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1517. Cote GJ, Gagel RF. Lessons learned from the management of a rare genetic cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1566. Lesueur F, Cebrian A, Cranston A, et al. Germline homozygous mutations at codon 804 in the RET protooncogene in medullary thyroid carcinoma/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:3454. Learoyd DL, Gosnell J, Elston MS, et al. Experience of prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A kindreds with RET codon 804 mutations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63:636.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f8_42_8872

Lesueur F, Cebrian A, Cranston A, et al. Germline homozygous mutations at codon 804 in the RET protooncogene in medullary thyroid carcinoma/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:3454. Learoyd DL, Gosnell J, Elston MS, et al. Experience of prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A kindreds with RET codon 804 mutations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63:636. Lombardo F, Baudin E, Chiefari E, et al. Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: clinical variability and low aggressiveness associated with RET mutation at codon 804. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87:1674. Webb TA, Sheps SG, Carney JA. Differences between sporadic pheochromocytoma and pheochromocytoma in multiple endocrime neoplasia, type 2. Am J Surg Pathol 1980; 4:121. Evans DB, Lee JE, Merrell RC, Hickey RC. Adrenal medullary disease in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Appropriate management. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1994; 23:167. Utiger RD. Medullary thyroid carcinoma, genes, and the prevention of cancer. N Engl J Med 1994; 331:870. Jansson S, Tisell LE, Fjälling M, et al. Early diagnosis of and surgical strategy for adrenal medullary disease in MEN II gene carriers. Surgery 1988; 103:11. Lips KJ, Van der Sluys Veer J, Struyvenberg A, et al. Bilateral occurrence of pheochromocytoma in patients with the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2A (Sipple's syndrome). Am J Med 1981; 70:1051. Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Potts JT Jr, Third International Workshop on the Management of Asymptomatic Primary Hyperthyroidism. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement from the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:335. O'Riordain DS, O'Brien T, Grant CS, et al. Surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1 and 2. Surgery 1993; 114:1031. Wells SA Jr, Donis-Keller H. Current perspectives on the diagnosis and management of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1994; 23:215. Herfarth KK, Bartsch D, Doherty GM, et al. Surgical management of hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. Surgery 1996; 120:966.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f8_42_8872

Wells SA Jr, Donis-Keller H. Current perspectives on the diagnosis and management of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1994; 23:215. Herfarth KK, Bartsch D, Doherty GM, et al. Surgical management of hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. Surgery 1996; 120:966. Gagel RF, Tashjian AH Jr, Cummings T, et al. The clinical outcome of prospective screening for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a. An 18-year experience. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:478. Scholten A, Schreinemakers JM, Pieterman CR, et al. Evolution of surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. Endocr Pract 2011; 17:7. Verga U, Fugazzola L, Cambiaghi S et al. Frequent association between MEN 2A and cutaneous lichen amyloidosis. Clin Endocrinol 2003; 59:156. Topic 7866 Version 3.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.6- C21.56 Licensed to: AsanBook Dig. Med. Lib. | Support Tag: [1003-89.32.226.102-E9F4F161E5-S244013.14]