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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email The axon terminal and the synapse Axon terminals form synapses with the dendrites or somata of other neurons. When a nerve impulse arrives in the presynaptic axon terminal, neurotransmitter molecules are released from synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitter then binds to specific receptor proteins, causing the generation of electrical or chemical signals in the postsynaptic cell. Reproduced with permission from: Bear MF, Connors BW, and Parasido, MA. Neuroscience - Exploring the Brain, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001. Copyright ©2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.