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Calcipenic rickets Vitamin D deficient rickets ↓ or N ↓ or N ↑ or ↑↑ ↑ ↓ ↑ or N* ↓ or N Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1 ↓ ↓ or N ↑↑ ↑ N ↓ ↓ Hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets (vitamin D dependent type 2) ↓ ↓ or N ↑↑ ↑ N ↑↑ ↓
Phosphopenic rickets X-linked hypophosphatemia N ↓↓ ↑ N or slightly ↑ N N or ↓ ↓ Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria N ↓ or ↓↓ ↑ N or ↓ N ↑ ↑ Nutritional phosphate deprivation ↑ or N ↓ ↑ or ↑↑ ↓ or N N ↑ ↑ or N Calcipenic rickets refers to disorders in which intestinal absorption of calcium is too low to match the calcium demands imposed by bone growth. The term "hypocalcemic" rickets is also used, but can be misleading because calcipenic rickets is not always associated with low serum levels of calcium. ↑: increased; ↓: decreased; N: normal; PTH: parathyroid hormone; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; 1,25(OH) 2 D: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. * In vitamin D deficient rickets, 1,25(OH) 2 D usually is increased or normal. Occasionally, it may be deceased. Modified with permission from: McMillan JA, DeAngelis CD, Feigin RD, Warshaw JB. Oski's Pediatrics: Principles and Practice, 3rd ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia 1999. p.1619. Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.