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referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

REFERENCES Al-Shahi R, Warlow C. A systematic review of the frequency and prognosis of arteriovenous malformations of the brain in adults. Brain 2001; 124:1900. van Beijnum J, van der Worp HB, Schippers HM, et al. Familial occurrence of brain arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78:1213. Hashimoto T, Lawton MT, Wen G, et al. Gene microarray analysis of human brain arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 2004; 54:410. Pawlikowska L, Tran MN, Achrol AS, et al. Polymorphisms in genes involved in inflammatory and angiogenic pathways and the risk of hemorrhagic presentation of brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 2004; 35:2294. Bharatha A, Faughnan ME, Kim H, et al. Brain arteriovenous malformation multiplicity predicts the diagnosis of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: quantitative assessment. Stroke 2012; 43:72. Perata HJ, Tomsick TA, Tew JM Jr. Feeding artery pedicle aneurysms: association with parenchymal hemorrhage and arteriovenous malformation in the brain. J Neurosurg 1994; 80:631. Garcin B, Houdart E, Porcher R, et al. Epileptic seizures at initial presentation in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation. Neurology 2012; 78:626. Fullerton HJ, Achrol AS, Johnston SC, et al. Long-term hemorrhage risk in children versus adults with brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 2005; 36:2099. Khaw AV, Mohr JP, Sciacca RR, et al. Association of infratentorial brain arteriovenous malformations with hemorrhage at initial presentation. Stroke 2004; 35:660. Stapf C, Mast H, Sciacca RR, et al. Predictors of hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation. Neurology 2006; 66:1350. Choi JH, Mast H, Sciacca RR, et al. Clinical outcome after first and recurrent hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation. Stroke 2006; 37:1243. da Costa L, Wallace MC, Ter Brugge KG, et al. The natural history and predictive features of hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 2009; 40:100. Guo Y, Saunders T, Su H, et al. Silent intralesional microhemorrhage as a risk factor for brain arteriovenous malformation rupture. Stroke 2012; 43:1240. Brown RD Jr, Wiebers DO, Forbes G, et al. The natural history of unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1988; 68:352.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

da Costa L, Wallace MC, Ter Brugge KG, et al. The natural history and predictive features of hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 2009; 40:100. Guo Y, Saunders T, Su H, et al. Silent intralesional microhemorrhage as a risk factor for brain arteriovenous malformation rupture. Stroke 2012; 43:1240. Brown RD Jr, Wiebers DO, Forbes G, et al. The natural history of unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1988; 68:352. Ondra SL, Troupp H, George ED, Schwab K. The natural history of symptomatic arteriovenous malformations of the brain: a 24-year follow-up assessment. J Neurosurg 1990; 73:387. Friedlander RM. Clinical practice. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:2704. Al-Shahi R, Warlow C. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain: ready to randomise? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005; 76:1327. Al-Shahi R, Warlow CP. Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; :CD003436. Mohr JP, Stapf C, Sciacca RR, et al. Treatment outcome versus natural history risk in patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation [abstract]. Neurology 2004; 62 (Suppl 5):A101. Wedderburn CJ, van Beijnum J, Bhattacharya JJ, et al. Outcome after interventional or conservative management of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: a prospective, population-based cohort study. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7:223. van Beijnum J, van der Worp HB, Buis DR, et al. Treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2011; 306:2011. Brown RD Jr. Unruptured brain AVMs: to treat or not to treat. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7:195. Stapf C, Mohr JP. Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations should be treated conservatively: yes. Stroke 2007; 38:3308. Cockroft KM. Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations should be treated conservatively: no. Stroke 2007; 38:3310. Davis SM, Donnan GA. Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: another asymptomatic conundrum. Stroke 2007; 38:3312. A randomized trial of unruptured brain AVMs (ARUBA). NCT00389181. Available at file://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00389181?order=2 (Accessed on May 29, 2008). Tamaki N, Ehara K, Lin TK, et al. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations: factors influencing the surgical difficulty and outcome. Neurosurgery 1991; 29:856.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

Davis SM, Donnan GA. Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: another asymptomatic conundrum. Stroke 2007; 38:3312. A randomized trial of unruptured brain AVMs (ARUBA). NCT00389181. Available at file://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00389181?order=2 (Accessed on May 29, 2008). Tamaki N, Ehara K, Lin TK, et al. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations: factors influencing the surgical difficulty and outcome. Neurosurgery 1991; 29:856. Spetzler RF, Martin NA. A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1986; 65:476. Hartmann A, Stapf C, Hofmeister C, et al. Determinants of neurological outcome after surgery for brain arteriovenous malformation. Stroke 2000; 31:2361. Kondziolka D, McLaughlin MR, Kestle JR. Simple risk predictions for arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 1995; 37:851. Brown RD Jr. Simple risk predictions for arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2000; 46:1024. Brown RD Jr, Flemming KD, Meyer FB, et al. Natural history, evaluation, and management of intracranial vascular malformations. Mayo Clin Proc 2005; 80:269. Horton JC, Chambers WA, Lyons SL, et al. Pregnancy and the risk of hemorrhage from cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1990; 27:867. Maruyama K, Kondziolka D, Niranjan A, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for brainstem arteriovenous malformations: factors affecting outcome. J Neurosurg 2004; 100:407. Ogilvy CS, Stieg PE, Awad I, et al. AHA Scientific Statement: Recommendations for the management of intracranial arteriovenous malformations: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Stroke Association. Stroke 2001; 32:1458. Maruyama K, Kawahara N, Shin M, et al. The risk of hemorrhage after radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:146. Sun DQ, Carson KA, Raza SM, et al. The radiosurgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations: obliteration, morbidities, and performance status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 80:354. Parkhutik V, Lago A, Tembl JI, et al. Postradiosurgery hemorrhage rates of arteriovenous malformations of the brain: influencing factors and evolution with time. Stroke 2012; 43:1247. Karlsson B, Lax I, Söderman M. Risk for hemorrhage during the 2-year latency period following gamma knife radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 49:1045.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

Parkhutik V, Lago A, Tembl JI, et al. Postradiosurgery hemorrhage rates of arteriovenous malformations of the brain: influencing factors and evolution with time. Stroke 2012; 43:1247. Karlsson B, Lax I, Söderman M. Risk for hemorrhage during the 2-year latency period following gamma knife radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 49:1045. Pollock BE, Flickinger JC, Lunsford LD, et al. Hemorrhage risk after stereotactic radiosurgery of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1996; 38:652. Friedman WA, Blatt DL, Bova FJ, et al. The risk of hemorrhage after radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1996; 84:912. Levy RP, Fabrikant JI, Frankel KA, et al. Stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg peak radiosurgery for the treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations in childhood and adolescence. Neurosurgery 1989; 24:841. Karlsson B, Lindquist C, Steiner L. Effect of Gamma Knife surgery on the risk of rupture prior to AVM obliteration. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 1996; 39:21. Steinberg GK, Fabrikant JI, Marks MP, et al. Stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg-peak radiation for intracranial arteriovenous malformations. N Engl J Med 1990; 323:96. Fabrikant JI, Levy RP, Steinberg GK, et al. Charged-particle radiosurgery for intracranial vascular malformations. Neurosurg Clin N Am 1992; 3:99. Kurita H, Kawamoto S, Sasaki T, et al. Results of radiosurgery for brain stem arteriovenous malformations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 68:563. Yen CP, Sheehan JP, Schwyzer L, Schlesinger D. Hemorrhage risk of cerebral arteriovenous malformations before and during the latency period after GAMMA knife radiosurgery. Stroke 2011; 42:1691. Lunsford LD, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of the brain. J Neurosurg 1991; 75:512. Ogilvy CS. Radiation therapy for arteriovenous malformations: a review. Neurosurgery 1990; 26:725. Fabrikant JI, Levy RP, Steinberg GK, et al. Stereotactic charged-particle radiosurgery: clinical results of treatment of 1200 patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations and pituitary disorders. Clin Neurosurg 1992; 38:472. Skjøth-Rasmussen J, Roed H, Ohlhues L, et al. Complications following linear accelerator based stereotactic radiation for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 77:542.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

Fabrikant JI, Levy RP, Steinberg GK, et al. Stereotactic charged-particle radiosurgery: clinical results of treatment of 1200 patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations and pituitary disorders. Clin Neurosurg 1992; 38:472. Skjøth-Rasmussen J, Roed H, Ohlhues L, et al. Complications following linear accelerator based stereotactic radiation for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 77:542. Friedman WA, Bova FJ, Bollampally S, Bradshaw P. Analysis of factors predictive of success or complications in arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery. Neurosurgery 2003; 52:296. Zipfel GJ, Bradshaw P, Bova FJ, Friedman WA. Do the morphological characteristics of arteriovenous malformations affect the results of radiosurgery? J Neurosurg 2004; 101:393. Foote KD, Friedman WA, Ellis TL, et al. Salvage retreatment after failure of radiosurgery in patients with arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2003; 98:337. Pollock BE, Meyer FB. Radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2004; 101:390. Hauswald H, Milker-Zabel S, Sterzing F, et al. Repeated linac-based radiosurgery in high-grade cerebral arteriovenous-malformations (AVM) Spetzler-Martin grade III to IV previously treated with radiosurgery. Radiother Oncol 2011; 98:217. Flickinger JC, Pollock BE, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD. A dose-response analysis of arteriovenous malformation obliteration after radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996; 36:873. Karlsson B, Lindquist C, Steiner L. Prediction of obliteration after gamma knife surgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1997; 40:425. Schäuble B, Cascino GD, Pollock BE, et al. Seizure outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurology 2004; 63:683. Yang SY, Kim DG, Chung HT, Paek SH. Radiosurgery for unruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations: long-term seizure outcome. Neurology 2012; 78:1292. Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, et al. A multi-institutional analysis of complication outcomes after arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 44:67. Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, et al. Development of a model to predict permanent symptomatic postradiosurgery injury for arteriovenous malformation patients. Arteriovenous Malformation Radiosurgery Study Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 46:1143.

referencesuptodate· REFERENCES· item f32_6_32872

Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, et al. A multi-institutional analysis of complication outcomes after arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 44:67. Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, et al. Development of a model to predict permanent symptomatic postradiosurgery injury for arteriovenous malformation patients. Arteriovenous Malformation Radiosurgery Study Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 46:1143. Pollock BE, Gorman DA, Brown PD. Radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of the basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem. J Neurosurg 2004; 100:210. Miyawaki L, Dowd C, Wara W, et al. Five year results of LINAC radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: outcome for large AVMS. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 44:1089. Buis DR, Meijer OW, van den Berg R, et al. Clinical outcome after repeated radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations. Radiother Oncol 2010; 95:250. Blonder LX, Hodes JE, Ranseen JD, Schmitt FA. Short-term neuropsychological outcome following Gamma Knife radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: a preliminary report. Appl Neuropsychol 1999; 6:181. Spetzler RF, Martin NA, Carter LP, et al. Surgical management of large AVM's by staged embolization and operative excision. J Neurosurg 1987; 67:17. Hartmann A, Pile-Spellman J, Stapf C, et al. Risk of endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 2002; 33:1816. Starke RM, Komotar RJ, Otten ML, et al. Adjuvant embolization with N-butyl cyanoacrylate in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: outcomes, complications, and predictors of neurologic deficits. Stroke 2009; 40:2783. Josephson CB, Leach JP, Duncan R, et al. Seizure risk from cavernous or arteriovenous malformations: prospective population-based study. Neurology 2011; 76:1548. Topic 1087 Version 9.0 © 2013 UpToDate, Inc. All rights reserved. | Subscription and License Agreement | Release: 21.4 - C21.36 Licensed to: Southeast Alabama Med Ctr | Support Tag: [0602-201.77.166.39-2E861B2D37-S244013.14]