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Walk the Even Hospital Database by book and chapter — the raw source passages that ground Ask, DDx, and the rest.
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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Computed tomography of hepatobiliary disease * Heterogeneous enhancement of spleen and kidneys (cortex >> medulla), dense opacification of hepatic artery, minimal enhancement of liver and portal vein, in addition to non-enhancement of hepatic veins may be seen on an optimal vascular phase image. • Dense homogeneous enhancement of the liver, spleen, and kidneys in addition to opacification of all large abdominal blood vessels constitutes an optimal portal phase image. Δ Homogeneous enhancement of all abdominal viscera with excretion of contrast-opacified urine by the kidneys constitutes an optimal equilibrium phase image. May be helpful in distinguishing HCC from regenerating nodules and dysplastic nodules as some carcinomas will have a discernible capsule at this stage, whereas regenerating nodules and dysplastic nodules should not. ◊ Tumors with a large component of fibrosis such as cholangiocarcinoma demonstrate prolonged hyperdense enhancement.