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©2013 UpToDate ® Print Email Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium requirements (mmol [mg/dL]) in infants who receive parenteral nutrition (PN) Term infants, usual short-term Premature infants, usual short-term All infants, long-term use Calcium 1.2 (48) 1.5 (60) 1.75 (70) Phosphorus 1.2 (37) 1.5 (47) 1.75 (54) Magnesium 0.21 (5) 0.25 (6) 0.25 (6) Short-term: assumes PN with ≥2.4 percent amino acids + cysteine. Long-term: assumes PN with >2.5 percent amino acids + cysteine. Adapted from: 1. Schanler RJ, Rifka M. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium needs for low birth weight infants. Acta Paediatr 1994; 83:111. 2. Greene HL, Hambidge KM, Schanler RJ, Tsang RC. Guidelines for the use of vitamins, trace elements, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in infants and children receiving total parenteral nutrition: report of the Subcommittee on Pediatric Parenteral Nutrient Requirements from the Committee on Clinical Practice Issues of The American Society for Clinical Nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 48:1324. 3. Laine L, Shulman RJ, Pitre D, et al. Cysteine usage increases the need for acetate in neonates who receive total parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54:565.