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Walk the evidence base by book and chapter — the raw source passages that ground Ask, Differential, and the rest.

• A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Gastrografin in Prolonged Postoperative Ileus After Elective Colorectal Surgery1 passage
• A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on Fascial Defect Closure Versus Bridged Repair in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Mesh Repair1 passage
• A comparison of cardiovascular disease, cancer, mortality, and Graves' ophthalmopathy following treatment for hyperthyroidism: A Bayesian network meta-analysis1 passage
• Adult Presentations of Congenital Midgut Malrotation: A Systematic Review1 passage
• Analgesia in the Initial Management of Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials1 passage
• Antibiotics Versus Appendicectomy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials1 passage
• Appendectomy Skin Closure Technique, Randomized Controlled Trial: Changing Paradigms (ASC)1 passage
• Application of Internal Ring Opening Closure Technique in Laparoscopic Totally Extraperitoneal Herniorrhaphy for Type III Indirect Hernia: A Single-Center, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial1 passage
• Association Between Mesh Placement and Recurrence and Chronic Pain After Incisional Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Biologic Mesh in Surgery: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of Selected Outcomes in 51 Studies and 6079 Patients1 passage
• Can Targeting Sphincter Spasm Reduce Post-Haemorrhoidectomy Pain? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Chlorhexidine-Alcohol Versus Povidone-Iodine for Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Abdominal Surgery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Lidocaine for Thyroidectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial1 passage
• Clinical Prediction Rules for Appendicitis in Adults: Which Is Best?1 passage
• Comparative Outcomes of Endoscopic, Minimally Invasive Surgical, and Open Necrosectomy in Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Evidence From a Network Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Comparative Outcomes of Two Non-Crosslinked Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrices in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial and an Observational Cohort Study1 passage
• Comparing Laparoscopic Versus Open Repair of Recurrent Incisional Hernia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies on Recurrence and Complications1 passage
• Comparison of Common Surgical Procedures in Non-complicated Pilonidal Sinus Disease, a 7-Year Follow-Up Trial1 passage
• Comparison of Conservative Treatment and Surgery Treatment for Acute Scaphoid Fracture: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials1 passage
• Comparison of Hernia Sac Transection and Full Sac Reduction for the Treatment of Inguinal Hernias: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials1 passage
• Conventional Versus Minimally Invasive Hartmann Takedown: A Meta-analysis of the Literature1 passage
• Demographic and Prognostic Significance of Surgically-Treated Intrathyroidal Thymic Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Desarda versus Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials1 passage
• Design of a Consensus Derived Synoptic Operative Report for Thyroid Surgery1 passage
• Does BMI Impact Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Open Abdominal Wall Reconstruction? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Does Prophylactic Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Laparotomy? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled trials1 passage
• Early Closure of Defunctioning Loop Ileostomy: Is It Beneficial for the Patient? A Meta-analysis1 passage
• Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on recovery of gastrointestinal motility after laparotomy: A randomized controlled trial1 passage
• Efficacy and Safety of Erector Spinae Plane Block in Pain Management for Inguinal Hernia Repair: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials1 passage
• Efficacy and safety of different antibiotic treatment versus surgical treatment for acute appendicitis: A network meta-analysis1 passage
• Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS(®) ) Society abdominal and thoracic surgery recommendations: A systematic review and comparison of guidelines for perioperative and pharmacotherapy core items1 passage
• Enhanced recovery protocols after surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials in cardiac surgery1 passage
• Etiology and management outcomes of adult mechanical bowel obstruction in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis1 passage
• Evidence Suggests Prophylactic Antibiotics May Be Unnecessary in Anorectal Surgery-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Evidence-Based Management of Pain After Excisional Haemorrhoidectomy Surgery: A PROSPECT Review Update1 passage
• Explosive Weapons Trauma Care Collective (EXTRACCT) Blast Injury Clinical Practice Guideline: Ocular Trauma25 passages
• Fascial Dehiscence and Incisional Hernia Prediction Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Fast-track recovery after surgery for perforated peptic ulcer safely shortens hospital stay: A systematic review and meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials and 356 patients1 passage
• General Anesthesia Versus Regional Anesthesia in the Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials1 passage
• Global Gender Differences in Pilonidal Sinus Disease: A Random-Effects Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery After Trauma and Intensive Care (ERATIC): Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society and International Association of Trauma Surgery and Intensive Care (IATSIC) Recommendations: Paper 1: Initial Care-Pre and Intraoperative Care Until ICU, Including Non-Operative Management1 passage
• Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery After Trauma and Intensive Care (ERATIC): Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and International Association for Trauma Surgery and Intensive Care (IATSIC) Society Recommendations: Paper 2: Postoperative and Intensive Care Recommendations1 passage
• Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery After Trauma and Intensive Care (ERATIC): Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and International Association for Trauma Surgery and Intensive Care (IATSIC) Society Recommendations: Part 3: Trauma Ethics and Systems Aspects1 passage
• Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care: Second Edition (2026)25 passages
• Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Liver Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations1 passage
• Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Liver Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations 20221 passage
• Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Pancreatoduodenectomy: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Recommendations 20191 passage
• Ilioinguinal Nerve Neurectomy is better than Preservation in Lichtenstein Hernia Repair: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Impact of Mesh and Fixation on Chronic Inguinal Pain in Lichtenstein Hernia Repair: 5-Year Outcomes from the Finn Mesh Study1 passage
• Impact of patient's sex on groin hernia repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis1 passage
• Incisional Hernia Rates After Laparoscopic or Open Abdominal Surgery-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Individualized Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategy Based on Esophageal Pressure Monitoring in Patients With ARDS Associated With Severe Acute Pancreatitis-A Randomized Controlled Trial1 passage
• Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery: A Systematic Review1 passage
• Intraoperative wound irrigation to prevent surgical site infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis1 passage
• Is routine histopathological analysis of hemorrhoidectomy specimens necessary? A systematic review and meta-analysis1 passage
• Laparoscopic Transcystic Versus Transductal Common Bile Duct Exploration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Laparoscopic Versus Open Incisional Hernia Repair: Long-Term Follow-up Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial1 passage
• LigaSure versus conventional Milligan MORGAN hemorrhoidectomy in Nigerian patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids1 passage
• Local Anaesthesia Alone Versus Regional or General Anaesthesia in Excisional Haemorrhoidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Mesh Location in Open Ventral Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis1 passage
• Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Comparing Intraumbilical Versus Periumbilical Incision in Laparoscopic Appendectomy1 passage
• Meta-Analysis to Determine Optimal Timing for Repair of Inguinal Hernia in Pre-Term Infants1 passage
• Meta-analysis of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Emergency Abdominal Surgery1 passage
• Meta-analysis on Materials and Techniques for Laparotomy Closure: The MATCH Review1 passage
• Milligan-Morgan (Open) Versus Ferguson Haemorrhoidectomy (Closed): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Randomized, Controlled Trials1 passage
• Minimally Invasive Versus Open Parastomal Hernia Repair: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Breast: A Systematic Review of Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features1 passage
• Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Versus Standard Dressings for Preventing Surgical Site Infections Following Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials1 passage
• New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Following Pancreatic Injury: A Systematic Review24 passages
• Non-mesh Desarda Technique Versus Standard Mesh-Based Lichtenstein Technique for Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Non-operative Management of Small Bowel Obstruction in Patients with No Previous Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Nonoperative Management of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Comparing Antibiotic Treatment and Appendectomy in Children and Adolescents1 passage
• Nonoperative management of acute complicated diverticulitis with pericolic and/or distant extraluminal air: A systematic review1 passage
• Open Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Network Meta-analysis Comparing Self-Gripping Mesh, Suture Fixation, and Glue Fixation1 passage
• Open and Endovascular Management of Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia: A Systematic Review1 passage
• Operative Versus Selective Non-operative Management in Adult Penetrating Abdominal Trauma With Bowel or Omental Evisceration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Outcomes of Early Compared to Late Interval Cholecystectomy Post-Percutaneous Cholecystostomy in Patients Diagnosed With Acute Cholecystitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Outcomes of Surgery Versus Radioactive Iodine as Definitive Therapy in Pediatric Graves' Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies1 passage
• Outpatient Versus Inpatient Minimally Invasive Adrenalectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Performance of Diagnostic Guidelines in the Evaluation of Choledocholithiasis in Patients With Acute Biliary Presentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Postoperative pain following laser fistula closure versus ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract: A prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial1 passage
• Preemptive Versus Postoperative Analgesia in Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Preoperative Antisepsis with Chlorhexidine Versus Povidone-Iodine for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mortality in Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Patients: A Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Prognostic significance of surgically treated malignant struma ovarii with or without adjuvant thyroid-related therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis1 passage
• Prophylactic Central Neck Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Clinically Uninvolved Central Neck Lymph Nodes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Prophylactic Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Following Midline Laparotomy-Long-Term Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial1 passage
• Prophylactic Mesh After Midline Laparotomy: Evidence is out There, but why do Surgeons Hesitate?1 passage
• Prophylactic Onlay Mesh Repair (POMR) Versus Primary Suture Repair (PSR) for Prevention of Incisional Hernia (IH) After Abdominal Wall Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Prospective Randomized Study on Stapled Anopexy Height and Its Influence on Recurrence for Hemorrhoidal Disease Treatment1 passage
• Prospectively Randomized Controlled Trial on Damage Control Surgery for Perforated Diverticulitis with Generalized Peritonitis1 passage
• Quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block for inguinal hernia repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis1 passage
• Quality of Life After Parathyroidectomy in Chronic Kidney Disease-Related Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Cyanoacrylate Glue Versus Suture Fixation in Lichtenstein Hernia Repair: 7-Year Outcome Analysis1 passage
• Remimazolam has similar anesthetic effect and superior safety compared to propofol in elderly patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials1 passage
• Revisiting Amyand's Hernia: A 20-Year Systematic Review1 passage
• Revisiting Diet and Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Risk Factors for Prolonged Postoperative Ileus in Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis1 passage
• Role of Chewing Gum in Reducing Postoperative Ileus after Reversal of Ileostomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial1 passage
• Selective Nonoperative Management of Abdominal Stab Wounds in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis18 passages
• Shouldice Versus TAPP for Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials1 passage
• Shouldice versus Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials1 passage
• Sleeve Gastrectomy and Cholecystectomy are Safe in Obese Patients with Asymptomatic Cholelithiasis. A Multicenter Randomized Trial1 passage
• Small Bites Versus Large Bites for Closure of Midline Abdominal Incisions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials1 passage
• Specific Items of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Liver Surgery in Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review1 passage
• Spermatic Cord Lipomas: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis, Surgical Management, and Differential Considerations1 passage
• Standardised Competency-Based Training of Medical Doctors and Associate Clinicians in Inguinal Repair with Mesh in Sierra Leone1 passage
• Sutureless Laparoscopic Appendectomy: Bipolar Maryland Versus Endoloop Technique. A Randomized Controlled Trial1 passage
• Systematic Review of Role of Oxidative Stress and Clinical Implications in Acute Pancreatitis1 passage
• Tension Pneumoperitoneum: A Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies1 passage
• The Effect of Early Mobilization as Part of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery on Postoperative Outcomes After Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• The Reporting on ERAS Compliance, Outcomes, and Elements Research (RECOvER) Checklist: A Joint Statement by the ERAS(®) and ERAS(®) USA Societies1 passage
• The effect of tranexamic acid on blood transfusion in lower gastrointestinal bleeding-A double blind prospective randomised controlled trial1 passage
• Track recurrence after remote-access thyroid surgeries: A systematic review1 passage
• Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of unilateral thyroid lobectomy with or without postoperative levothyroxine treatment1 passage
• Unplanned Healthcare Utilization After Emergency Laparotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis1 passage
• Vacuum-assisted wound closure and mesh-mediated fascial traction for temporary closure in open abdomen: A single-arm meta-analysis1 passage